FARR Emergency Medicine Flashcards
Class of drugs that may cause syndrome of muscle rigidity, hyperthermia, autonomic instability, and extrapyramidal symptoms.
Antipsychotics (neuroleptic malignant syndrome).
Side effects of corticosteroids.
Acute mania, immunosuppression, thin skin, osteoporosis, easy bruising, myopathies.
Treatment for DTs.(Delirium tremens)
Benzodiazepines.
Treatment for acetaminophen overdose.
N-acetylcysteine.
Treatment for opioid overdose.
Naloxone.
Treatment for benzodiazepine overdose.
Flumazenil.
Treatment for neuroleptic malignant syndrome and malignant hyperthermia.
Dantrolene.
Treatment for malignant hypertension.
Nitroprusside.
Treatment of atrial fibrillation.
Rate control, rhythm conversion, and anticoagulation.
Treatment of supraventricular tachycardia.
If stable, rate control with carotid massage or other vagal stimulation; if unsuccessful, consider adenosine.
Causes of drug-induced SLE.
INH, penicillamine, hydralazine, procainamide, chlorpromazine, methyldopa, quinidine.
Macrocytic, megaloblastic anemia with neurologic symptoms.
B12 deficiency.
Macrocytic, megaloblastic anemia without neurologic symptoms.
Folate deficiency.
A burn patient presents with cherry-red flushed skin and coma. SaO2 is normal, but carboxyhemoglobin is elevated. Treatment?
Treat CO poisoning with 100% O2 or with hyperbaric O2 if poisoning is severe or the patient is pregnant.
Blood in the urethral meatus or high-riding prostate.
Bladder rupture or urethral injury.
Test to rule out urethral injury.
Retrograde cystourethrogram.
Radiographic evidence of aortic disruption or dissection.
Widened mediastinum (> 8 cm), loss of aortic knob, pleural cap, tracheal deviation to the right, depression of left main stem bronchus.
Radiographic indications for surgery in patients with acute abdomen.
Free air under the diaphragm, extravasation of contrast, severe bowel distention, space-occupying lesion (CT), mesenteric occlusion (angiography).
The most common organism in burn-related infections.
Pseudomonas.
Method of calculating fluid repletion in burn patients.
Parkland formula.
Acceptable urine output in a trauma patient.
50 cc/hr.
Acceptable urine output in a stable patient.
30 cc/hr.
Cannon “a” waves.
Third-degree heart block.
Signs of neurogenic shock.
Hypotension and bradycardia.
Signs of ↑ ICP (Cushing’s triad).
Hypertension, bradycardia, and abnormal respirations.
↓ CO, ↓ pulmonary capillary wedge pressure (PCWP), ↑ peripheral vascular resistance (PVR).
Hypovolemic shock.
↓ CO, ↑ PCWP, ↑ PVR.
Cardiogenic (or obstructive) shock.
↑ CO, ↓ PCWP, ↓ PVR.
Septic or anaphylactic shock.
Treatment of septic shock.
Fluids and antibiotics.
Treatment of cardiogenic shock.
Identify cause; pressors (e.g., dopamine).
Treatment of hypovolemic shock.
Identify cause; fluid and blood repletion.
Treatment of anaphylactic shock.
Diphenhydramine or epinephrine 1:1000.
Supportive treatment for ARDS.
Continuous positive airway pressure.
Signs of air embolism.
A patient with chest trauma who was previously stable suddenly dies.
Trauma series.
AP chest, AP/lateral C-spine, AP pelvis