families Flashcards
when do r/s in families change most dramatically?
individual transitions
shifting family circumstances
family r/s change during adolescence, possibly driven by ____.
Peak time for changes is around ___ for boys and ___ for girls.
puberty
13-14; 11-12
do adolescence rebel against thier parents for the sake of rebeling?
no, very rarely
- accept moral/safety issues
- rejects parents’ personal issues (parent authority)
____ overcontrol leads to increase in _________ behaviour
parental; oppositional
mental health of parents:
- nearly ___ of parents consider adolescence to be most difficult phase
- mental health issues ______ affect interactions with children
- mental health does/does not decline after adolescents leave home aka __________
2/3
negatively
does not
empty nest
parents belong to sandwich generation. what’s that?
sandwiched btwn adolescent children and aging parents
family’s role during adolescence is less or more clear than in infancy/childhood?
less
in early adolescence, there is a paricularly strained and distant time called diminished closeness. whats that?
diminished closeness
- increased teenager privacy and less affection (not loss of love/respect)
egalitarian r/s are developed in late or early adolescence? what does it lead to?
late
leads to better conflict resolution
**egalitarian - belief that everyone is equal
increased teenager privacy and less affection (not loss of love/respect) = __________ closeness during late/early adolescence
diminished closenessduring early adolescence
early/late adolescence seeks power and equal treatment leading to family disruption.
early/late adolescence treated like adults leading to improved r/s.
early
late
time spent with fathers more predictive of:
1.
2.
- social competence
- feelings of self-worth
- mother/father viewed as more controlling thus causing more conflicts.
- mother/father viewed as relatively distant authority figure.
- adolescents typically have closer r/s with mother/father.
- time spent with mother/father is more predictive of self-worth and social competence.
- mother
- father
- mother
- father
parenting affects adolescents differently based on _____.
temperament
harsh discipline leads to ___ which causes _________ again in a vicious cycle of interaction between parents and adolescence.
aka 2-way street
behavioural problems; harsh discipline
what are the 2 dimensions of parenting?
- parental responsiveness
- extent of parents’ response to child in an accepting, supportive manner - parental demandingness
- extent of parents’ expectations and insistance on mature, responsible behavior from child
what are the 4 styles of parenting?
state their parental responsiveness and demandingness.
- authoritative
- warmth, firm ctrl, rational, issue-oriented discipline to achieve self-direction
- high responsiveness and demandingness - authoritarian
- punitive, absolute, forceful to achieve obedience and conformity
- low responsiveness, high demandingness - indulgent
- pampering
- high responsiveness, low demandingness - indifferent
- neglect
- low responsiveness and demandingness
what 2 things do good parents do?
- adjust behavior to age and needs of children
- distinguish btwn psychological and behavioral ctrl
authoritative parenting:
- balances ______ and _____
- promotes _____ development
- based on _____ parent-child r/s
- parenting shaped by childrens ______, _______ and _______
restrictions; autonomy
intellectual
warm
behavior, temperament, personality
over the course of adolescence, sibling r/s becomes:
do these changes remain constant or differ between same-sex and opp-sex dyads?
more distant
more equal
less emotionally intense
differ
hostile marital conflict leads to _____ which leads to _______
adolescent emotional insecurity
adolescent behavior problems
impact of divorce on adolescent maladjustment is big/small.
in parental divorce, what matters and what doesn’t?
small
matters:
- quality of r/s w adults
- process of divorce
- genetic influences
- early adolescence
doesn’t matter:
- no. of parents in the house
- resulting fam structure
the same genetic tendencies can make one susceptible to develop problems in adverse envt, or thrive in positive envt. this theory is called __________.
differential susceptibility theory
problems are the result of interaction between preexisting condition and envt trigger, this theory is called __________.
diathesis-stress model
problems are the result of interaction between preexisting condition (diathesis) and envt trigger (stress)
