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spring 2015 > facial bones study guide > Flashcards

facial bones study guide Flashcards

0
Q

Know what facial bones there are two of

A 
◾️nasal
◾️lacrimal
◾️zygomatic
◾️palatine
◾️inferior nasal conchae
◾️maxillary
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1
Q

How many facial bones are there

A

14

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2
Q

Which bones make the bridge of the nose

A

Nasal bones

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3
Q

Which facial bones are the smallest in the skull

A

Lacrimal

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4
Q

What is the purpose of the lacrimal foramen

A

Where the tear duct passes

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5
Q

Which facial bones are the largest immovable bones

A

Maxillary

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6
Q

The body of the maxilla contains the

A

Maxillary sinus

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7
Q

Where is the infraorbital foramen located? What bone is it on? What structure is it located under?

A

➡️located on the maxillary bone under each orbit

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8
Q

What is the alveolar process?

A

Inferior borders of spongy bone that support roots of teeth

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9
Q

The anterior nasal spine is part of what bone

A

Maxillary

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10
Q

The anterior nasal spine correlates with what landmark

A

Midline junction of maxillary

Acanthion

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11
Q

The prominence of the cheeks is formed by the

A

Zygomatic

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12
Q

Which process is part of the zygomatic bone

A

Temporal process

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13
Q

The zygomatic arch is formed by which two processes

A

Temporal and zygomatic

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14
Q

The L shaped facial bones are

A

Palatine

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15
Q

Which facial bone is scroll shaped

A

Inferior nasal conchae

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16
Q

The vomer forms what part of the nasal septum

A

Inferior nasal septum

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17
Q

What is the largest bone and densest bone of the face

A

Mandible

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18
Q

What portion is the body of the mandible

A

Horizontal

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19
Q

What portion is the rami of the mandible

A

Vertical

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20
Q

The angle of the mandible is also known as the

A

Gonion

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21
Q

The bump on the lower front of the mandible is called

A

Mental protuberance

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22
Q

The area where the right and left halves of the mandible have fused is called

A

Symphysis

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23
Q

Where the mental foramina located

A

Halfway between superior/inferior borders below 2nd premolar teeth

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24
Q

The mandibular notch is located between what two structures

A

Coronoid and condylar process

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25
Q

In the mandible which process is anterior and which is posterior?

A

➡️anterior-coronoid

➡️posterior- condylar

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26
Q

The condyle of the mandible articulates with what to form the TMJ?

A

Mandibular fossa of temporal bone

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27
Q

What shape is the hyoid bone?

A

U shaped

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28
Q

Where is the hyoid bone located?

A

Base of tongue

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29
Q

Does the hyoid bone attach to any other bone?

A

No

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30
Q

Can you do lateral facial bones upright or lying on the table?

A

Semi prone or seated upright

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31
Q

If you do the lateral facial bones on the table what position will the patients body be in?

A

Semiprone

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32
Q

On the lateral facial bone the MSP is _____ to the IR when doing a lateral skull

A

Parallel

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33
Q

The interpupillary line is _______ to the IR when doing a lateral skull

A

Perpendicular

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34
Q

The IOML is _____ to the IR when doing a lateral skull

A

Parallel

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35
Q

How do you place the film for lateral facial bones

A

Lengthwise

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36
Q

A right lateral demonstrates _____ side and the left lateral demonstrates the ____ side

A

◾️right

◾️left

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37
Q

What bone should be in the center of the lateral facial bone image

A

Zygomatic bone

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38
Q

What is superimposed on the lateral facial bones image

A

Mandibular rami and orbital roofs

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39
Q

What is touching the IR on the lateral facial image

A

Side of head

40
Q

What is the CR for lateral facial bones

A

Perpendicular; enters pt on lateral surface of zygomatic bone halfway between the outer canthus and EAM

41
Q

What structures do you see on the lateral facial bones

A 
⚫️all facial bones entirely 
⚫️zygomatic bone in center 
⚫️SI mandibular rami
⚫️SI orbital roofs
⚫️no rotation of sella turcia
42
Q

In the parietocanthial (waters) projection what will touch the IR

A

Chin

43
Q

In the parietocanthial (waters) projection Where will the CR enter/exit?

A

Perpendicular; exit acanthion

44
Q

In the parietocanthial (waters) projection the MML should be ____ to IR

A

Perpendicular

45
Q

In the parietocanthial (waters) projection the OML should be ____ to the IR

A

37 angle

46
Q

In the parietocanthial (waters) projection the MSP should be ____ to the IR

A

Perpendicular

47
Q

In the parietocanthial (waters) projection where should the petrous ridges be seen

A

Below maxillary sinuses

48
Q

In the parietocanthial (waters) projection you should collimator to the

A

Facial bones

49
Q

In the acanthioparietal (reverse waters) projection what will touch the IR

A

Back of head

50
Q

In the acanthioparietal (reverse waters) projection where will the CR enter/exit?

A

Enters acanthion

51
Q

In the acanthioparietal (reverse waters) projection the MML should be ____ to the IR

A

Perpendicular

52
Q

In the acanthioparietal (reverse waters) projection the OML should be ___ to the IR

A

37 angle

53
Q

In the acanthioparietal (reverse waters) projection the MSP should be ____ to the IR

A

Perpendicular

54
Q

In the acanthioparietal (reverse waters) projection where should the petrous ridges be seen

A

Immediately below maxillary sinus

55
Q

In the acanthioparietal (reverse waters) projection you should collimator to the

A

Facial bones

56
Q

In the acanthioparietal (reverse waters) projection for trauma what do you do differently

A

Adjusting the CR so that it enters the acanthion while remaining parallel with the MML

57
Q

What’s the difference in the waters and reverse waters images?

A

In the reverse waters the facial bones will be more magnified due to increased OID

58
Q

How do you know this a Pa axial skull

A

Petrous ridges in the lower third of orbits

59
Q

In the PA axial skull (Caldwell) the OML is ____ to IR

A

Perpendicular

60
Q

In the PA axial skull (Caldwell) the MSP is _____ to the IR

A

Perpendicular

61
Q

In the PA axial skull (Caldwell) what is touching the IR

A

Forehead and nose

62
Q

In the PA axial skull (Caldwell) where does the CR exit

A

Nasion

63
Q

In the PA axial skull (Caldwell) do you angle the cr if so hoe much and what direction?

A

15 caudal

64
Q

In the PA axial skull (Caldwell) what structures do you see on this image?

A

Petrous ridges in the lower third

65
Q

In the lateral nasal bones what patient position is used for this

A

Semi prone can be done upright

66
Q

In the lateral nasal bones what lines do you use

A

◾️MSP parallel to tabletop
◾️IPL perpendicular to tabletop
◾️IOML parallel to IR

67
Q

In the lateral nasal bones MSP ____ to tabletop

A

Parallel

68
Q

In the lateral nasal bones IPL ___ to tabletop

A

Perpendicular

69
Q

In the lateral nasal bones IOML ___ to IR

A

Parallel

70
Q

In the lateral nasal bones what’s the CR

A

Perpendicular to bridge of nose

Enters 1/2 distal to nasion

71
Q

In the lateral nasal bones what needs to be included on the image

A

◾️anterior nasal spine
◾️nasal bones
◾️nasal septum

72
Q

In the lateral nasal bones what type of technique will you use

A

Finger

73
Q

In the lateral nasal bones is it done tabletop or Bucky?

A

Tabletop

74
Q

In the SMV(Submentovertical) the IOML ___ with IR

A

Parallel

75
Q

In the SMV(Submentovertical) MSP is ____ to IR

A

Perpendicular

76
Q

In the SMV(Submentovertical) what is touching the IR

A

Top of head

77
Q

In the SMV(Submentovertical) where does the CR enter or exit? You need to know both

A

Enters MSP of throat at a level 1 inch posterior to outer canthus/midway between condyles if mandible
Exit vertex

78
Q

In the SMV(Submentovertical) the CR should pass at a level approximately ____ to the outer canthus

A

1 inch posterior

79
Q

In the SMV(Submentovertical) preferably do this with the patient seated upright or supine?

A

Upright

80
Q

In the SMV(Submentovertical) what structures do you see

A

◾️zygomatic arches free from overlying structures

◾️zygomatic arches symmetric and without foreshadowing

81
Q

In the SMV(Submentovertical) do you decrease or increase exposure factors

A

Decrease

82
Q

In the tangential zygomatic arch the IOML ___ to the IR

A

Parallel

83
Q

In the tangential zygomatic arch MSP ___ to IR

A

15 toward side being examined

84
Q

In the tangential zygomatic arch what is touching the IR

A

Top of head

85
Q

In the tangential zygomatic arch the CR should pass at a level approximately to ____ the outer canthus

A

1 inch posterior

86
Q

In the tangential zygomatic arch the cr is centered over the

A

Zygomatic arch

87
Q

In the tangential zygomatic arch preferably do this with the patient upright or supine

A

Upright

88
Q

In the tangential zygomatic arch what structures do you see on this image?

A

◾️zygomatic arches free of overlying structures

◾️zygomatic arch not over exposed

89
Q

In the tangential zygomatic arch rotate the MSP ____ degrees ___ the side being examined. Then tilt the top of the head _____ degrees _____ from the side being examined. Why do we do this?

A

In the tangential zygomatic arch rotate the MSP 15 degrees toward the side being examined. Then tilt the top of the head 15 degrees away from the side being examined.

To ensure the CR is tangent to the lateral surface of the skull

90
Q

In the AP axial (Townes method) for zygomatic arches OML is ____ or the IOML is _____ to IR

A

Perpendicular

91
Q

In the AP axial (Townes method) for zygomatic arches MSP is _____ to IR

A

Perpendicular

92
Q

In the AP axial (Townes method) for zygomatic arches what is touching the IR

A

Back of the head

93
Q

In the AP axial (Townes method) for zygomatic arches where does the CR enter

A

Enter glabella

94
Q

In the AP axial (Townes method) for zygomatic arches if using OML then the cr angle will be ___

A

30

95
Q

In the AP axial (Townes method) for zygomatic arches if using the IOML thence angle will be

A

37

96
Q

In the AP axial (Townes method) for zygomatic arches what structures do you see on this image

A

⚫️no overlap of zygomatic arches by mandible
⚫️no rotation evident because arches are symmetric
⚫️zygomatic arches projected lateral to mandibular rami

97
Q

In the AP axial (Townes method) for zygomatic arches for trauma what will the angle be?

A

40-60 caudal

spring 2015 (43 decks)

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