Face anatomy Flashcards
calvaria
roof of the cranium
name of the floor of the neurocranium
cranial base
eight bones of the neurocranium
frontal ethmoid parietal 2
sphenoid occipital temporal 2
which ones are pneumatised
temporal
maxillary
sphenoid
ethmoid
frontal
where are the mastoid air cells located
behind ear
what is the pterion and significance of it
weakest point of skull
Junction between the sphenoid temporal parietal and frontal
middle meningeal vessels rupture and lead to extradural haemorrhage
which grows first, neurocranium or viscerocranium (ie facial skeleton)
neurocranium
That growth of the orbit, nasal cavity, paranasal sinuses and teeth take longer than the calvaria
what type of nerve supply are the three divisions of the trigeminal nerve?
ophthalmic and maxillary are sensory
mandibular is both (motor to muscles of mastcation)
what nerve supplies the muscles of the facial expressions
facial nerve CN7
called brachial motor nerves (this is wrong, brachial refers to the arms) correct answer should be BRANCHIOMOTOR
origin and insertion of obicularis oris
originates from maxilla and cheek
inserts into the lips
origin and insertion of buccinator
originates from maxilla and mandible
inserts at lips (blends into obicularis oris)
2 parts of the obicularis OCULI
orbital part and palpebral part
what does the orbital part of o.oculi do
encircles eye and tightens, strong closure of eye
thick muscle
what does the palpebral part of o.oculi do
within eyelid, soft closure of eye
thin muscle
what do the auricularis muscles do
nothing much, cannot rlly move the ear
3 major structures that pass through the parotid gland
deep - external carotid artery
middle - retromandibular vein/ superficial temporal
superficial - facial nerve
MUMPS
virus causes swelling of parotid gland and lymph nodes, stretching the fascia , leading to pain
sometimes leads to deafness infertility meningitis
facial palsy
loss of function of brachial muscles (muscles of facial expressions)
Bell’s palsy and what do u use to treat?
facial paralysis on ONE side (swelling as the facial nerve passes thru the STYLOMASTOID FORAMEN)
most common cranial neuropathy
use prednisolone (steroid) or acyclovir
5 branches of facial nerve
temporal
zygomatic
buccal
mandibular
cervical
where does the nerve pass thru when relating to bell’s palsy
stylomastoid foramen
anterograde vs retrograde
anterograde is identify main trunk then 5 branches of facial nerve
retrograde is backwards
platysma
muscle for tensing neck
what do each branch of the facial nerve innervate
what nerve can be used for nerve grafting if the facial nerve is damaged during a parotidectomy
great auricular nerve
hypoglossal facial anastomosis
joining hypoglossal to facial nerve
what is fascia lata
Fibrous avascular band running down the lateral aspect of the thigh
Damage to which branch of the facial nerve can result in the loss of function of the muscles of the lower lip
Marginal mandibular region
Mentalis muscles affected
The main trunk of the facial nerve divides into which two branches ?
Cervicofacial and temporofacial nerves
What innervates the frontalis muscle
Facial nerve temporal branch
What innervates the ibicukaris oculi
Temporal and zygomatic branch of facial nerve
What does the Buccal branch of facial nerve innervates
O. Oris,
Buccinator,
Zygomaticus
What does the marginal mandible branch of facial nerve innervate
Mentalis
What does cervical branch innervate
Platysma
