Face anatomy

Question 1

calvaria

Answer 1

roof of the cranium

Question 2

name of the floor of the neurocranium

Answer 2

cranial base

Question 3

eight bones of the neurocranium

Answer 3

frontal ethmoid parietal 2
sphenoid occipital temporal 2

Question 4

which ones are pneumatised

Answer 4

temporal
maxillary
sphenoid
ethmoid
frontal

Question 5

where are the mastoid air cells located

Answer 5

behind ear

Question 6

what is the pterion and significance of it

Answer 6

weakest point of skull

Junction between the sphenoid temporal parietal and frontal

middle meningeal vessels rupture and lead to extradural haemorrhage

Question 7

which grows first, neurocranium or viscerocranium (ie facial skeleton)

Answer 7

neurocranium

That growth of the orbit, nasal cavity, paranasal sinuses and teeth take longer than the calvaria

Question 8

what type of nerve supply are the three divisions of the trigeminal nerve?

Answer 8

ophthalmic and maxillary are sensory

mandibular is both (motor to muscles of mastcation)

Question 9

what nerve supplies the muscles of the facial expressions

Answer 9

facial nerve CN7

called brachial motor nerves (this is wrong, brachial refers to the arms) correct answer should be BRANCHIOMOTOR

Question 10

origin and insertion of obicularis oris

Answer 10

originates from maxilla and cheek
inserts into the lips

Question 11

origin and insertion of buccinator

Answer 11

originates from maxilla and mandible
inserts at lips (blends into obicularis oris)

Question 12

2 parts of the obicularis OCULI

Answer 12

orbital part and palpebral part

Question 13

what does the orbital part of o.oculi do

Answer 13

encircles eye and tightens, strong closure of eye
thick muscle

Question 14

what does the palpebral part of o.oculi do

Answer 14

within eyelid, soft closure of eye
thin muscle

Question 15

what do the auricularis muscles do

Answer 15

nothing much, cannot rlly move the ear

Question 16

3 major structures that pass through the parotid gland

Answer 16

deep - external carotid artery
middle - retromandibular vein/ superficial temporal
superficial - facial nerve

Question 17

MUMPS

Answer 17

virus causes swelling of parotid gland and lymph nodes, stretching the fascia , leading to pain

sometimes leads to deafness infertility meningitis

Question 18

facial palsy

Answer 18

loss of function of brachial muscles (muscles of facial expressions)

Question 19

Bell’s palsy and what do u use to treat?

Answer 19

facial paralysis on ONE side (swelling as the facial nerve passes thru the STYLOMASTOID FORAMEN)

most common cranial neuropathy

use prednisolone (steroid) or acyclovir

Question 20

5 branches of facial nerve

Answer 20

temporal
zygomatic
buccal
mandibular
cervical

Question 21

where does the nerve pass thru when relating to bell’s palsy

Answer 21

stylomastoid foramen

Question 22

anterograde vs retrograde

Answer 22

anterograde is identify main trunk then 5 branches of facial nerve

retrograde is backwards

Question 23

platysma

Answer 23

muscle for tensing neck

Question 24

what do each branch of the facial nerve innervate

Question 25

what nerve can be used for nerve grafting if the facial nerve is damaged during a parotidectomy

Answer 25

great auricular nerve

Question 26

hypoglossal facial anastomosis

Answer 26

joining hypoglossal to facial nerve

Question 27

what is fascia lata

Answer 27

Fibrous avascular band running down the lateral aspect of the thigh

Question 28

Damage to which branch of the facial nerve can result in the loss of function of the muscles of the lower lip

Answer 28

Marginal mandibular region
Mentalis muscles affected

Question 29

The main trunk of the facial nerve divides into which two branches ?

Answer 29

Cervicofacial and temporofacial nerves

Question 30

What innervates the frontalis muscle

Answer 30

Facial nerve temporal branch

Question 31

What innervates the ibicukaris oculi

Answer 31

Temporal and zygomatic branch of facial nerve

Question 32

What does the Buccal branch of facial nerve innervates

Answer 32

O. Oris,
Buccinator,
Zygomaticus

Question 33

What does the marginal mandible branch of facial nerve innervate

Answer 33

Mentalis

Question 34

What does cervical branch innervate

Answer 34

Platysma