FAA Regulations Flashcards
What documents is a pilot required to have when flying?
PPM - Pilot Certificate, Photo ID, Medical Certificate
When does a Third Class Medical Certificate expire?
A third class certificate issued when the pilot is less than 40 years old expires at the end of the 60th month. A third class certificate issued when the pilot is 40 years or older expires at the end of the 24th month.
How long is a Second Class Medical Certificate good for?
12 months of Second Class privileges before it downgrades to a Third Class Medical certificate.
How long is a First Class Medical Certificate good for?
If issued before age 40, 12 months of First Class privileges before it downgrades to Third Class privileges. After 40, it provides 6 months of First Class privileges before it downgrades to a Second Class Medical Certificate for 6 months and then downgrades to a Third Class Medical certificate.
What documents must be onboard while an aircraft is operating?
AROW - Airworthiness Certificate (on display), Registration, Operating Limitations, Weight and Balance
What documents does a Student Pilot need to be legal to operate an aircraft solo within 25 nm of the airport?
Student Pilot Certificate, Medical Certificate, Solo logbook endorsement within past 90 days, and of course a photo ID.
How old does someone need to be to get a Student Pilot Certificate?
16 years old for Powered Aircraft and 14 years old for Gliders.
What does a flight instructor have to do before authorizing a student pilot to solo?
Provide instruction for all the required maneuvers and procedures, give them a written test (of your own creation, with FAA guidance, and review their results with them), and provide them a Logbook Endorsement for the specific make and model they will fly.
What does a student pilot need to fly solo cross country?
To fly solo more than 25 NM from the airport, a student pilot requires two endorsements: 1) That the student has received solo X/C training and is proficient in the make and model aircraft; 2) For each X/C flight an endorsement that the preflight planning has been reviewed and the student is prepared to make the flight safely.
Can a student pilot be signed off for repeated solo cross country flights?
Yes, if the flight is no more than 50 NM and the instructor has provided instruction for both directions of flight.
Can a student pilot be signed off to fly solo in class B airspace?
Yes, if you provide the student with ground and flight instruction in the specific airspace and provide a logbook endorsement.
How can a student pilot be authorized to fly solo at night?
The instructor must provide the student instruction at night and provide an endorsement that lasts only 90 days.
T/F - A student pilot certificate is only good for 24 months.
False - a student pilot certificate is good until replaced with a pilot certificate.
What endorsement is required for a student pilot to operate an aircraft in solo flight?
An endorsement within the preceding 90 days stating that instruction was given in the make and model aircraft to be used and the student is competent to make a safe solo flight.
What aircraft can you fly get a Recreational Pilot Certificate to fly?
Airplanes, Gyrocopters and Helicopters. You can’t get a rec. pilot cert for gliders, hot air balloons.
What are the airspace limitations for a Recreational Pilot Certificate?
Can’t fly in airspace where you have to talk with ATC unless you carry a logbook endorsement.
What are the PIC currency requirements for a Recreational Pilot?
A Recreational Pilot with less than 400 hours experience may not act as PIC unless he has logged PIC time in the last 180 days.
When does a Recreational Pilot have to carry their logbook?
On all flights when serving as PIC.
How much X/C flight training is required to get a Private (Airplane) Pilot Certificate?
3 hours of dual X/C flight training, 1 night X/C of over 100NM and 5 hours of solo X/C flight
How much night flight training does a Private Pilot (Airplane) applicant require?
3 hours of dual training at night, including 10 t/o, 10 landings to a full stop, and 1 night X/C of over 100NM
What is the minimum age to be eligible for a Commercial Pilot Certificate
18 years of age
How much flight time is required to qualify for a Commercial Pilot Certificate?
250 Total Hours, 200 of which must be Actual Flight Time (50 hours can be in a simulator). 100 hours must be as PIC and 50 hours must be X/C.
How many hours of multi-engine training time is required to add an ME rating to an SE airplane rating.
None. They only have to demonstrate proficiency.
How long is a Flight Instructor Certificate valid
24 calendar months
What are the options for keeping a Flight Instructor Certificate from expiring?
- Take another CFI checkride
- Complete a CFI refresher clinic within the 3 months prior to expiration
- Submit satisfactory record of instruction to FSDO
What can you do to renew an expired Flight Instructor Certificate?
Take another CFI checkride.
How do you add MEL to your SEL Flight Instructor Certificate?
You have to have 15 hour PIC in the MEL category and class to add that to your Flight Instructor Certificate.
What experience does an Instructor need to prepare an applicant for their CFI certificate?
You must have held your CFI certificate for at least 24 months and provided a minimum of 200 hours of flight instruction.
What experience must you have to give flight training for an MEL rating?
You must have 5 hours PIC experience in the make and model you will train in.
What is required to give flight training for an aircraft that requires a type rating?
You have to have that type rating on your Pilot certificate.
How much flight instruction can you give in a day?
8 hours in any 24 consecutive hours period.
Who is responsible for writing, administering, grading and reviewing a pre-solo knowledge test?
The student’s own flight instructor who is authorized for the category and class of aircraft to be used.
What topics must be covered by a pre-solo knowledge test?
For the make and model aircraft to be used, the:
- Applicable regulations
- Flight characteristics
- Operational limitations
How long does the CFI have to keep records of endorsements give to students?
3 years
To endorse a student pilot for solo cross country privileges, a CFI is required to do what?
Have given that student the required X/C flight training and checked the flight planning.
T/F - A practical test in a single engine airplane will renew a CFI certificate that has multiengine and instrument ratings.
True
To take an FAA practical test, how recently must you have passed the associated knowledge test?
24 months
To take an FAA practical test, what endorsement do you need?
An endorsement from a CFI that the required flight instruction was provided within the 2 calendar months preceding the application.
What are all the possible outcomes of a checkride?
Pass, Fail, or be discontinued. Credit from a discontinued checkride is good for 2 calendar months from the start of testing.
What document is the best place to find examples for student pilot endorsements?
AC 61-65
When is a proficiency flight review required?
Within the past 24 months
What is the required proficiency for carrying passengers?
For daytime, three takeoffs and landings in the same category, class, type (if a type rating is required) and gear configuration (tailwheel/tricycle) of aircraft within the past 90 days. For night time, those takeoffs and landing must have been to a full stop.
What is required for a pilot to operate a tailwheel airplane?
The pilot must receive instruction and a logbook endorsement before acting as PIC of a tailwheel aircraft.
When does night time begin for the purposes of carrying passengers?
One hour after sunset.
What flight time is required to be shown in a pilot’s logbook?
The only flight time that is required to be shown in a pilot’s logbook is what is necessary to meet recency of experience requirements.
Who may log instrument flight time?
- An instructor giving instruction in IMC
- A pilot controlling the aircraft solely by reference to flight instruments
When a flight instructor conducts a flight review, what must it consist of?
A minimum of 1 hour ground training and 1 hour flight training.
T/F - A pilot requires a separate biennial flight review for each category and class of aircraft.
False
What defines a complex aircraft?
Retractable gear, flaps and a controllable propeller
Who needs a logbook endorsement to be PIC of a complex or high performance aircraft?
Private and commercial pilots
What defines a high performance aircraft?
More than 200 HP.
When is a type rating required?
To act as PIC of a turbojet powered aircraft
What is required to act as PIC of an airplane towing a glider?
Within the past 12 months, must have flown 3 flights as PIC of a glider towed by an aircraft or taken three simulated or actual tows with a current glider tow pilot.
What are the restrictions for a commercial pilot without an instrument rating?
Limited to 50 NM while carrying passengers for hire. Prohibited from carrying passengers for hire at night.
What does a safety pilot have to have?
A private pilot certificate with qualifications for the same category, class and type of aircraft.
When are you required to have approved flotation gear onboard for each occupant?
When operating for hire beyond power-off gliding distance from land.
What is traffic pattern altitude for turbine-powered of large aircraft?
Minimum of 1500’ AGL
When is an aircraft required to have a 100-hour inspection in addition to an annual inspection?
When it is used for carrying passengers for hire or it is used for flight instruction.
Can you exceed the 100 hour limit on an aircraft that requires a 100-hour inspection?
You can exceed 100 hours of operation by up to 10 hours as necessary to get the aircraft to its inspection facility.
Who is responsible for ensuring that an aircraft complies with inspections and airworthiness directives?
The owner or operator. The operator is the party who exercises authority over initiating, conducting or terminating a flight (“Operational Control”)
When is a post-maintenance test flight required?
Whenever an alteration or repair substantially effects an aircraft’s operation in flight, it must be test-flown and approved for return to service before being operated with passengers aboard,
What must aircraft maintenance records include?
Current status of life-limited parts of airframe, engine, propellors, rotors and appliances.
What preflight action is required for every flight?
PIC shall become familiar with all available information concerning that flight, including runway lengths at airports of intended use.
When is a flight not in the vicinity of an airport?
When out of engine out gliding range.
How much fuel is required for a day VFR flight?
Enough fuel to fly to the first airport of intended landing and then fly for 30 minutes at normal cruising after that.
How much fuel is required for a night VFR flight?
Enough fuel to fly to the first airport of intended landing and then fly for 45 minutes at normal cruising after that.
What is required to be in a passenger briefing for a Part 91 flight?
How to Fasten and unfasten seatbelts
In what circumstances is supplemental oxygen required?
Whenever the cabin pressure altitude is above 12,500’ up to and including 14,000’, all required minimum flight crew must use supplemental oxygen for the period exceeding 30 minutes. Above 14,000’, the flight crew must use supplemental oxygen at all times. Above 15,000’ each occupant must be provided with supplemental oxygen.
When is supplemental oxygen required?
Whenever the cabin pressure altitude is above 12,500’ up to and including 14,000’, all required minimum flight crew must use supplemental oxygen for the period exceeding 30 minutes. Above 14,000’, the flight crew must use supplemental oxygen at all times. Above 15,000’ each occupant must be provided with supplemental oxygen.
What is the minimum safe altitude rule that applies everywhere?
Except when taking off or landing, an altitude allowing an emergency landing without undue hazard to persons or property on the surface,
What is the minimum safe altitude rule for flight above open water or a sparsely populated area?
Except when taking off or landing, an altitude of 500’ from any person, vessel, vehicle or structure.
What is the minimum safe altitude rule for flight above a congested area?
Except when taking off or landing, an altitude of 1000’ above the highest obstacle within a horizontal radius of 2000’
What are the altitudes and visibility required for acrobatic flight?
Flight must be above 1500’ AGL and visibility must be 3 statute miles
When must each occupant wear a parachute?
Whenever an intentional maneuver will exceed 30 degrees pitch up or down 60 degrees bank. Exception: spins when done for a license or rating.
What does it mean when an aircraft is certificated in the utility category?
It is approver for all non-acrobatic maneuvers plus limited (as defined in the POH) acrobatics including spins.
What aircraft equipment is required for daytime flight
A TOMATO FLAMES
Airspeed Indicator
Tachometer
Oil Pressure Gauge
Manifold Pressure Gauge
Altimeter
Temperature Gauge
Oil Temperature
Fuel Gauges
Landing Gear Indicator
Anti-collision Lights
Magnetic Compass
Emergency Locator Transmitter
Seat Belts
What additional aircraft equipment is required for flight at night?
FLAPS
Fuses
Lights (Landing Light only if for hire)
Anti-collision Lights
Position Lights
Source of Power
What is the purpose of a minimum equipment list?
A list of equipment that can be inoperative and still not effect the airworthiness of the aircraft.
When are position lights required?
From sunset to sunrise you can’t park or move an aircraft in an area that is not clearly illuminated or marked with obstruction lights unless the position lights are on.
When two aircraft of the same class and category are converging, which one has the right of way?
The one on the right
What does an airship have right of way over?
airplane, helicopter or gyrocopter
If a glider and an airplane are approaching head-on, which has right of way and what should happen?
Neither aircraft has right of way and both should give way to their right.
When two airplanes are approaching an airport to land, which has the right of way?
The one that is lower and the higher one cannot dive to gain the right of way.
If on a night flight aircraft A sees only the red wingtip light of aircraft B and the two are converging, which aircraft has the right of way?
Aircraft B
When do you have to follow VFR cruising altitudes?
When you are at more than 3000’ AGL below 18000’ MSL.
What are VFR cruising altitudes based on?
The magnetic course the aircraft is following over the ground.
You are VFR cruising on a magnetic course of 180 degrees across the ground and you are above 3000’ AGL. What altitudes can you fly?
4,500, 6,500, 8500 etc. (ONE = Odd Altitudes North and East)
What does it mean when you are operating on the ground and see a flashing white light from the control tower?
Return to the starting point on the airport.
What does it mean when you are operating on the ground and see a steady green light from the control tower?
Proceed
What does it mean when you are flying in the vicinity of an airport and see a steady red light from the control tower?
Give way to other aircraft
What does it mean when you are flying in the vicinity of an airport and see an alternating red and green light from the control tower?
Exercise extreme caution
How often must a transponder be tested?
Every 24 months
Where is a transponder required?
Class A airspace, controlled airspace at and above 10,000 MSL while above 2500 AGL, inside and above Class B and Class C airspace, and within 30 miles of the primary airport in Class B airspace
How long after consuming alcohol must you wait before operating an aircraft?
8 hours
What is the maximum blood alcohol level for operating an aircraft?
0.04%
When can you carry an intoxicated passenger?
If the person is a medical patient under proper care or in an emergency.
If you are convicted of an motor vehicle offense involving alcohol or drug, what are you required to do?
Submit a written report to the FAA Civil Aviation Security division within 60 days of the conviction.
How long can a single alcoholic drink be detected in the breath and blood?
3 hours
How long is the maximum time you can operate an ELT before the battery must be recharged or replaced?
1 cumulative hour
When is an ELT not required?
- Training aircraft operating less than 50 miles from an airport.
- Turbojet aircraft
- If the ELT has been temporarily removed for maintenance up to 90 days
How often does an ELT have to be inspected.
12 months
What constitutes a Serious Injury for the purposes of immediate NTSB notification?
Hospital stay of more than 48 hours within 7 days of the injury
Broken major bones
Severe bleeding, muscle or tendon damage
Internal organ damage
Second or third degree burns covering more than 5% of the body
What (listed) incidents (other than accidents) require NTSB notification?
Aircraft overdue or believed to have been in an accident
Flight control system malfunction
Inability of required crewmember to perform duties
Inflight fire
Damage to property other than the aircraft exceeding $25000 for repair or replacement
Separation or release of a propeller in flight
Loss of information from more than 50% of electronic displays
Uncontained failure of any internal turbine engine component
When an ACAS resolution advisory on an IFR flight plan or in class A airspace.
When must you file a written report to the NTSB?
Within 10 days for any accident or when requested in the case of an incident.
How quickly must you notify the FAA of a permanent address change?
30 days
How do you obtain a Student Pilot Certificate?
Online or paper application submitted to an instructor, dpe or FSDO inspector
If an aircraft is involved in an accident which results in substantial damage to the aircraft, How soon do you need to notify the nearest NTSB office?
Immediately
When is special VFR allowed at an airport that is not reporting ground visibility?
When flight disability is at least one statute mile.
Where can you get a SVFR clearance?
Within the lateral boundaries of the surface area of a class B, C, D or E airport.
What are the visibility and ceiling requirements for a SVFR clearance?
1SM visibility and clear of clouds
What service does an SVFR clearance get you?
Traffic separation
What does the box around an airport name on the sectional chart indicate?
The airport is subject to Special Air Traffic rules in Part 93. The regulation can be found in the AFD.
What preflight action is required by 91.103?
Runway Lengths
Alternatives
Weather
Fuel Requirements
ATC Delays
Takeoff/Landing Distance Data
(RAW FAT)
What constitutes a Substantial Damage for the purposes of immediate NTSB notification?
Damage or failure that adversely affects the structural strength, performance or flight characteristics - normally requiring major repair or replacement.
What constitutes an accident that must be reported to the NTSB?
Any occurance between the time any person boards a plane to fly and all such persons have disembarked in which any person suffers death or serious injury or in which the aircraft recieves substantial damage.
What documents are required to be aboard the aircraft while flying?
ARROW
Airworthiness Certificate
Registration
Radio Station License
Operating Limitations
Weight and Balance Information
When is a parachute required?
Pitch of greater than 30º up or down
Bank of greater than 60º
What defines aerobatic flight?
Intentional maneuver involving abrupt flight attitude changes, abnormal attitudes, abnormal acceleration not necessary for normal flight.
Give examples of aircraft “categories”
Airplane, Rotorcraft, Glider, Powered Lift, Lighter-than-air
