FA - Micro - Virology (2016) Flashcards
Envelope protein of HDV?
HBsAg.
Live attenuated vaccine that can be given to HIV(+) patients?
MMR ==> IN PATIENTS who do NOT show signs of immunodeficiency.
All DNA viruses are double stranded EXCEPT:
PARVO (ss negative).
All DNA viruses have LINEAR GENOMES EXCEPT:
- Papilloma + Polyoma ==> CIRCULAR and SUPERCOILED.
2. Hepadna ==> Circular, incomplete.
HSV-1 - Notes:
MCC of sporadic encephalitis. Can present as:
- Altered mental status.
- Seizures.
- +/- APHASIA.
- KLUVER-BUCY !!!
Receptors used by viruses - CMV:
INTEGRINS ==> HEPARAN SULFATE.
Receptors used by viruses - EBV:
CD21.
Receptors used by viruses - HIV:
CD4
CCR5
CXCR4.
Receptors used by viruses - Rabies:
Nicotinic AChR.
Receptors used by viruses - Rhinovirus:
ICAM-1.
Yellow fever virus - Liver biopsy?
May see COUNCILMAN BODIES = EOSINOPHILIC APOPTOTIC GLOBULES.
Most important GLOBAL CAUSE OF INFANTILE GASTROENTERITIS:
ROTAVIRUS = SEGMENTED dsRNA virus (Reovirus).
What does CDC recommends about rotavirus?
ROUTINE VACCINATION OF ALL INFANTS.
Croup is …?
ACUTE LARYNGOTRACHEOBRONCHITIS.
Croup is caused by …?
Parainfluenza viruses (paramyxovirus).
Croup (acute laryngotracheobronchitis) - Features:
- “Seal-like” barking cough.
2. Inspiratory stridor.
Croup - Sign on X-ray:
Narrowing of upper trachea + subglottis leads to …
STEEPLE SIGN ON X-RAY.
Severe croup can result in …?
PULSUS PARADOXUS 2o to UPPER AIRWAY OBSTRUCTION.
Measles (rubeola) virus - Lymphadenitis with …?
WARTHIN-FINKELDEY GIANT CELLS (fused lymphocytes) in a background of PARACORTICAL HYPERPLASIA.
Ebola virus - What genus?
FILOVIRUS.
Ebola virus - Targets:
- Endothelial cells.
- Phagocytes.
- Hepatocytes.
Ebola - Incubation of …?
21 days.
Ebola virus - Presents with …?
Abrupt onset of:
- Flu-like symptoms.
- Diarrhea/vomiting.
- High fever.
- Myalgia.
Ebola virus - Can progress to …?
- DIC.
- DIFFUSE HEMORRHAGE.
- SHOCK.
Ebola virus - Diagnosed with …?
RT-PCR within 48h of SYMPTOM ONSET.
Ebola virus - Mortality:
HIGH.
Ebola virus - Transmission requires …?
DIRECT CONTACT WITH:
- Bodily fluids.
- Fomites (including dead bodies).
- Infected bats or primates (apes/monkeys).
Ebola virus - Incidence of nosocomial infection:
HIGH INCIDENCE OF NOSOCOMIAL INFECTION.
Ebola virus - Tx:
SUPPORTIVE - No definitive treatment.
Ebola virus - Preventing transmission …?
- STRICT ISOLATION of infected individual.
2. BARRIER PRACTICES of health care workers.
HAV - Liver biopsy:
- Hepatocyte SWELLING.
- Monocyte infiltration.
- Councilman bodies.
HBV - Liver biopsy:
- Granular + eosinophilic “GROUND GLASS” appearance.
2. Cytotoxic T cells mediate damage.
HCV - Liver biopsy:
Lymphoid aggregates with focal areas of MACROVESICULAR STEATOSIS.