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Microbiology > FA - Micro - Clinical Bacteriology (2016) > Flashcards

FA - Micro - Clinical Bacteriology (2016) Flashcards

1
Q

S.epi - Infects …?

A
  1. Prosthetic devices (eg hip implant, heart valve).

2. IV catheters by producing adherent biofilms.

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2
Q

S.saprophyticus - General features:

A
  1. Catalase (+).
  2. Coagulase (-).
  3. Urease (+).
    NOVOBIOCIN RESISTANT.
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3
Q

S.sapro is normal flora of …?

A

Female genital tract + Perineum.

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4
Q

S.pyogenes (GAS) - Pyrrolidonyll arylamidase (PYR)?

A

POSITIVE.

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5
Q

S.agalactiae (GBS) - Pyrrolidonyl arylamidase?

A

NEGATIVE.

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6
Q

S.bovis - Colonize the …?

A

GUT.

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7
Q

S.gallolyticus?

A

S.bovis biotype 1.

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8
Q

S.gallolyticus - Cause what …?

A

BACTEREMIA + SUBACUTE endocarditis.

==> Associated with COLON CANCER.

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9
Q

Enterococci - PYR?

A

POSITIVE.

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10
Q

C.tetani - Tx:

A
  1. Anti-toxin +/- vaccine booster.
  2. Diazepam (for muscle spasms).
  3. Wound debridement.
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11
Q

C.botolinum - Local botox injections used to …?

A

Treat:

  1. Focal dystonia.
  2. Achalasia.
  3. Muscle spasms.
    - -> Also used for cosmetic reduction of facial wrinkles.
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12
Q

C.perfringens - Spores can survive in …?

A

UNDERCOOKED FOOD.

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13
Q

C.perfringens - When ingested, bacteria release …?

A

Heat-labile enterotoxin –> Food poisoning.

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14
Q

C.difficile - For recurrent cases?

A
  1. Consider prior regimen.
  2. FIDAXOMICIN.
  3. Fecal microbiota transplant.
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15
Q

H2S production on TSI agar?

A

Salmonella + Proteus.

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16
Q

H2S production on TSI agar?

A

Shigella + Yersinia.

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17
Q

H.influenza - Culture on …?

A

Chocolatee agar –> Contains factors V (NAD+) and X (hematin) for growth.

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18
Q

H.influenza - Can also be grown with …?

A

S.aureus, which provides factor V through the hemolysis of RBCs.

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19
Q

Epiglottitis of H.flu - Endoscopic appearance?

A

“Cherry-red” in children.

20
Q

Epiglottitis - H.flu - X-RAY?

A

“Thumbprint sign on x-ray.

21
Q

H.flu - Tx:

A
  1. Amoxicillin +/- clavulanate for mucosal infections.
  2. Ceftriaxone for meningitis.
  3. Rifampin prophylaxis for close contacts.
22
Q

Salmonella spp. (except S.typhi) - Reservoirs:

A

Human and animals.

23
Q

Salmonella spp. (except S.typhi) - Spread:

A

Can disseminate HEMATOGENOUSLY.

24
Q

Salmonella spp. (except S.typhi) - H2S production?

25
Salmonella spp. (except S.typhi) - Flagella?
YES.
26
Salmonella VS Shigella - Virulence factors:
Salmonella typhi --> Endotoxin; Vi capsule. Salmonella spp. (except S.typhi) --> Endotoxin. Shigella --> Endotoxin; Shiga toxin (ENTEROTOXIN).
27
Salmonella spp. (except S.typhi) - ID50?
HIGH.
28
Salmonella spp. (except S.typhi) - Immune response?
PMNs in disseminated disease.
29
Salmonella spp. (except S.typhi) - GI manifestations?
Diarrhea - Possibly bloody.
30
Salmonella VS Shigella - Vaccine?
Salmonella typhi --> ORAL vaccine contains live attenuated S.typhi + IM vaccine contains Vi capsular polysaccharide. Salmonella spp. (except S.typhi) --> NO VACCINE. Shigella --> NO VACCINE.
31
Salmonella typhi - Tx:
Ceftriaxone or fluoroquinolone.
32
Salmonella spp. (except S.typhi) - Common sources:
1. Poultry. 2. Eggs. 3. Pets. 4. TURTLES.
33
Salmonella spp. (except S.typhi) - Antibiotics:
NOT INDICATED.
34
Salmonella spp. (except S.typhi) - Gastroenteritis is usually caused by ...?
NON TYPHOIDAL SALMONELLA.
35
Shigella spp. - In order of decreasing order of severity (less toxin produced):
Dysenteriae > Flexneri > Boydii > Sonnei.
36
Lyme - Stage 1:
Early localized ==> 1. Erythema migrans. 2. Flu-like symptoms.
37
Lyme - Stage 2:
Early disseminated ==> 1. Secondary lesions. 2. Carditis. 3. AV block. 4. Facial nerve (Bell) palsy. 5. Migratory myalgias/ transient arthritis.
38
Lyme - Stage 3:
Late disseminated ==> 1. Encephalopathies. 2. Chronic arthritis.
39
What may follow 2o syphilis?
LATENT SYPHILIS --> Positive serology without symptoms.
40
Salmonella spp. (except S.typhi) - Transmission and source:
1. Reptiles. | 2. Poultry.
41
Gardnerella vaginalis - A "very special" test ...?
AMINE WHIFF test --> Mixing discharge with 10% KOH ==> ENHANCES FISHY ODOR.
42
Rickettsial diseases and vector-borne illnesses - Rash common:
1. RMSP. | 2. Typhus.
43
Rickettsial diseases and vector-borne illnesses - Rash rare:
1. Ehrlichiosis. 2. Anaplasmosis. 3. Q fever.
44
MCC of culture-NEGATIVE endocarditis:
C.burnetii.
45
Chlamydia D-K - Neonatal disease can be acquired during ...?
Passage through INFECTED birth canal.
46
Alpha-hemolytic bacteria - What causes the greenish/brownish color without clearing around growth on blood agar?
PARTIAL REDUCTION OF HEMOGLOBIN.

Microbiology (46 decks)

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