FA Gram Neg Rods I Flashcards
Small gram neg coccobacillary rod with aerosol transmission that produces IgA protease
H influenzae B
Most invasive disease caused by H flu type
B
What strains of H flu cause mucosal infections (conjunctivitis, bronchitis, otitis media)?
Nontypeable
HaEMOPhilus causes
Epiglottitis (“cherry red” in children)
Meningitis
Otitis media
Penumonia
How do you treat H flu mucosal infections?
amoxicillin +/- clvulanate
How do you treat H flu B meningitis?
ceftriaxone to the person and rifampin to close contacts
when a child has H flu, mom goes to five and dime store for chocolate
Culture on chocolate agar requires factor V (NAD+) and X (hematin) for growth; can also be growth with Staph Aureus, wh/ provides factor V
H flu vaccine contains
type B capsular polysaccharide conjugated to diphtheria toxoid or other protein
at what age do you give HiB vaccine?
2 mo - 18 mos
H flu epiglottitis on lateral neck radiograph
“Thumbprint sign”
Gram negative rod that stains poorly, so usually use silver stain to visulaize
legionella pneumophilia
electrolyte abnormality w/ legionella pneumophila
hyponatremia
on what culture does legionella grow?
Charcoal yeast extract culture with iron and cysteine
how is legionella detected clinically?
presence of antigen in urine
legionella transmission
aerosal transmissionf rom environmental water source habitat (air conditioning, hot water tanks). NO person-to-person transmission
legionella treatment
macrolide or quinolone
severe pneumonia + fever + GI and CNS symptoms
Legionnaire’s disease
what do you call a mild flu-like syndrome caused by legionella?
Pontiac fever
Aerobic, gram neg rod, non-lactose fermenting, oxidase _
pseudomonas aeruginosa
What type of pigment and odor does pseudomonas produce?
pyocanin (blue-green pigment); grape-like odor
Tell me about pseudomonas toxins
Endotoxin –> fever + shock
exotoxin A –> inactivates EF-2
Malignant otitis externa in diabetics
Pseudomonas
Associated with wound and burn infections
Pseudomonas
PSEUDOmonas
Pneumonia esp in CF Sepsis External otitis media (swimmer's ear) UTI Drug use & Diabetic osteomyelitis
Hot tub folliculitis
Pseudomonas
What do you call the rapidly progressive necrotic cutaneous lesions caused by Pseucdomonas bacteremia that you typically seen in immunocompromised patients
Ecthyma gangrenossum
How do you treat Pseudomonas
Aminoglycoside plus extended specter penicillin (piperacillin, ticarcillin, cefepime, imipenem, meropenem)
Chronic pneumonia in CF patients caused by Pseudomonas is associated with
biofilm
Psudomonas AERugoinosa
AERobic, think water connection and blue-green pigment
burn victim
Pseudomonas
