FA flash Flashcards
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FA synthesis
cytoplasm
FA degradation
mitohondria
Palmitate
C16:0
Sterate
C18:0
Oleate
cis9 C18:1
Linoleate
cis9, 12 C18:2
Linolenate
cis 9,12,15 C18:3
Triacylglycerol
Glycerol + 3 FA
Hormone sensitive lipase
FA degradative enzyme TG–>glycerol + 3FFA. Activated: elevated cAMP phosphorylates PKA. Inhibited by KB.
Glycerol kinase
Glycerol–>Glycerol-3P. Only found in liver.
VLCAD
Very long chain ac-CoA DH. Peroxisomal only. Electrons transferred from FADH2 to O2 to produce H2O2, poor energy source due to e- passing
FA oxidation yield C18:0
8 FADH2, 8 NADH, 9 Ac-CoA (10 ATP each), -2ATP overall in order to activate FA
FA ox. Yield with unsat. At odd carbon
Lose 1.5ATP (lost FADH2)
FA ox. Yield with unsat. At even carbon
Lose 2.5 ATP (lost NADH)
Propionyl CoA Carboxylase
Odd chain FA oxidation. Propionyl-CoA –> D-methyl-malonyl CoA. Requires biotin (like pyruvate carboxylase)
Methyl-malonyl-CoA mutase
L-methyl-malonyl CoA–> succinyl CoA. Requires B12
alpha-oxidation
Oxidize alpha carbon of branched chain FA (obtained from diet)
w-oxidation
w-carbon oxidized to alcohol
KB
acetoacetic acid, beta-hydroxy butyric acid, acetone. Made when Ac-CoA is high in mitochondria. Alternative glucose fuel source
Malonyl-CoA
Used as nucleophile in FA biosynthesis. Cannot enter mitochondria, inhibitor of CAT1
Acetyl-CoA carboxylase
Enzyme that makes FA. Ac-CoA –> malonyl-CoA. Occurs in ER. Phosphorylated by AMP activated protein kinase and INACTIVATED. Activated by citrate. Stops FA degrdation
