FA - Classic Presentations Flashcards
Achilles tendon xanthoma
Familial hypercholesterolemia (DOWN LDL receptors signaling)
Adrenal hemorrhage
Hypotension
DIC
Waterhouse-Friederichsen (meningococcemia)
Anterior “drawer sign” (+)
Anterior cruciate ligament injury.
Arachnodactyly
Lens dislocation
Aortic dissection
Hyperflexible joints
Marfan
Athlete with polycythemia
Secondary to erythropoietin injection.
Back pain
Fever
Night sweats
Weight loss
Pott disease (vertebral TB)
Bilateral hilar lymphadenopathy
Uveitis
Sarcoidosis
Blue sclera
Osteogenesis imperfecta (type I collagen defect)
Bluish line on gingiva
Burton line (lead poisoning)
Bone pain
Bone enlargement
Arthritis
Paget disease of bone
Bounding pulses
Diastolic heart murmur
Head bobbing
Aortic regurgitation
“Butterfly” rash + Raynaud phenomenon in a young female?
SLE
Cafe-au-lait spots Lisch nodules (iris hamartomas)
NF-1 (+pheochromocytoma, optic gliomas)
Cafe-au-lait spots
Polyostotic fibrous dysplasia
Precocious puberty
Multiple endocrine abnormalities
McCune-Albright syndrome (mosaic G-protein signaling mutation).
Calf pseudohypertrophy
Muscular dystrophy (most commonly Duchenne): X-linked recessive deletion of dystrophin gene.
“Cherry-red spots” on macula
Tay-Sachs (ganglioside accumulation) or Niemann-Pick (sphingomyelin accumulation) or central artery occlusion.
Chest pain on exertion
Angina (stable with moderate exertion; unstable with minimal exertion).
Chest pain
Pericardial effusion/friction rub
Persistent fever following MI
Dressler syndrome (autoimmune-mediated post-MI fibrinous pericarditis, 1-12 weeks after acute episode)
Child uses arms to stand up from squat.
Gowers sign –> Duchenne muscular dystrophy
Child with fever later develops red rash on face that spreads to body.
“Slapped cheeks” - Erythema infectiosum - 5th disease - B19.
Chorea
Dementia
Caudate degeneration
Huntington disease (AD CAG repeat expansion).
Chronic exercise intolerance with myalgia
Painful cramps
Myoglobinuria
McArdle disease (muscle glycogen phosphorylase deficiency).
Cold intolerance
Hypothyroidism
Conjugate lateral gaze palsy
Horizontal diplopia
Internuclear ophthalmoplegia - Damage to MLF - Bilateral –> MS - Unilateral –> Stroke.
Continuous “machine-like” heart murmur
PDA - Close with indomethacin; open or maintain with misoprostol.
Cutaneous/dermal edema due to connective tissue deposition.
Myxedema - Hypothyroidism, Graves (pretibial).
Dark purple skin
Mouth nodules in an AIDS patient
Kaposi sarcoma (HHV-8).
Deep, labored breathing
Hyperventilation
Kussmaul respirations (DKA).
Dermatitis
Dementia
Diarrhea
Pellagra - niacin (B3) deficiency.
DCM
Edema
Alcoholism or malnutrition
Wet beriberi (thiamine (B1) deficiency).
Dog or cat bite resulting in infection.
P.multocida (cellulitis at inoculation site).
Dry eyes
Dry mouth
Arthritis
Sjogren syndrome
Dysphagia (esophageal webs)
Glossitis
Iron deficiency
Anemia
Plummer-Vinson syndrome –> May progress to esophageal SCC.
Elastic skin
Hypermobility of joints
EDS (type III collagen defect).
Enlarged, hard left supraclavicular node.
Virchow node - abdominal metastasis.
Erythroderma
Lymphadenopathy
HSM
Atypical T cells
Mycosis fungoides (cutaneous T cell lymphoma) or Sezary syndrome (mycosis fungoides + malignant T cells in blood).
Fever Chills Headache Myalgia following antibiotic treatment for syphilis.
Jarisch-Herxheimer reaction - rapid lysis of spirochetes results in toxin release.
Fever Diffuse Rash Cough Conjunctivitis Coryza
Measles
Fever
Night sweats
Weight loss
B symptoms
Fibrous plaques in soft tissue of penis
Peyronie disease (connective tissue disorder).
Gout
Intellectual disability
Selft-mutilating behavior in a boy
Lesch-Nyhan syndrome - HGPRT deficiency, X-linked recessive.
Green-yellow rings around peripheral cornea.
Kayser-Fleischer rings.
HSM
Osteoporosis
Neurologic symptoms
Gaucher disease (glucocerebrosidase deficiency)
Hereditary nephritis
Sensorineural hearing loss
Cataracts
Alport syndrome (mutation in collagen IV).
Hyperphagia
Hypersexuality
Hyperorality
Hyperdocility
Kluver-Bucy lesion - bilateral amygdala lesion.