Eye study guide Flashcards
a branch of medical science dealing with the structure, functions, and diseases of the eye.
ophthalmology
prescribe medications to treat ailments, such as eye diseases, implement laser therapy, and perform surgery when needed.
ophthalmologist
focus on regular vision care and primary health care for the eye.
optometrist
provide vision care under the supervision of a licensed ophthalmologist. They assist with taking patient histories, performing diagnostic tests and procedures, patient scheduling and exam room preparation.
ophthalmic medical technician
an eye care specialist who helps you choose the right eyeglasses, contact lenses or other vision correction devices.
optician
is the outermost, clear layer of the eye, immediately in front of the anterior chamber, iris, and pupil.
cornea
is the white of the eye. It’s a layer of tissue that covers, protects and supports your eyeball.
sclera
is a circular structure that is an extension of the iris, the colored part of the eye. The (blank) produces the fluid in the eye called aqueous humor.
ciliary body
is the opening at the center of the iris through which light passes. The iris adjusts the size of the(blank) to control the amount of light that enters the eye.
pupil
changes the shape of the lens when your eyes focus on a near object.
ciliary muscle
is the layer of blood vessels and connective tissue between the white of the eye and retina (at the back of the eye).
choroid
is the colored part of your eye. Muscles in your (blank) control your pupil — the small black opening that lets light into your eye.
iris
is the layer of cells lining the back wall inside the eye. This layer senses light and sends signals to the brain so you can see.
retina
is a transparent, colorless, gel-like substance located in the posterior chamber of the eye. It helps maintain the round shape of the eye and can also help with vision clarity and shock absorbance.
vitreous humor
vitreous jelly
is a curved structure in the eye that that bends light and focuses it for the retina to help you see images clearly.
Lens
is responsible for sharp central vision (also called foveal vision), which is necessary in humans for reading, driving, and any activity where visual detail is of primary importance.
fovea
transmits electrical impulses from your eyes to your brain. Your brain processes this sensory information so that you can see.
optic nerve
provide a base within the skull for the eyeball to rest, allowing the eye to move and function properly. There are seven bones that form the orbit.
orbital bones
serve two main functions: first, communication through facial expression, and second, prevention of sweat, water, and other debris from falling down into the eye socket.
eyebrows
is a fold of skin that closes over the eye to protect it.
eyelid
are a first line of defense for your eyes, keeping airborne dirt, dust, lint and other debris from reaching the delicate eye tissues.
eyelashes
located above each eyeball, continuously supply tear fluid that’s wiped across the surface of your eye each time you blink your eyelids. Excess fluid drains through the tear ducts into the nose.
tear glands
lacrimal glands
refers to what you can see to each side or up and down without moving your head, or everything that you can see that isn’t in your central vision.
peripheral vision
intra- // intra-
Meaning “within”
refers to the total area in which objects can be seen in the side (peripheral) vision as you focus your eyes on a central point.
visual field
micro- // micro-
Meaning “small”
a- // a-
an- // an-
Meaning “none” or “without”
chrom/o – crom/o
Meaning “color”
ocul/o – ocul/o
Meaning “eye”
lacrim/o – lagrim/o
Meaning “tear”
ophthalm/o – oftalm/o
Meaning “eye”
retin/o – retin/o
Meaning “retina”
blephar/o – blefar/o
Meaning “eyelid”
-opia // -opía
Meaning “vision”
-pathy // -patía
Meaning “disease”
-itis // -itis
Meaning “inflammation”
-scope // -scopio
Meaning “instrument for viewing”
