endocrine system study guide Flashcards
is the study of the endocrine system in the human body
endocrinology
is a doctor that treats diseases related to problems with hormones.
endocrinologist
doctors who specialize in diagnosing and treating infertility.
reproductive endocrinologist
trained to teach people about healthy eating.
dietician
can help you with exercise, nutrition, medications, and checking your blood sugar.
diabetes educator
a network of glands in your body that make the hormones that help cells talk to each other. They’re responsible for almost every cell, organ, and function in your body.
the endocrine system
release hormones (chemical messengers) into the bloodstream to be transported to various organs and tissues throughout the body.
endocrine glands
chemical substances that act like messenger molecules in the body
hormones
The state of balance within all physical systems needed for a body to function properly and survive is
homeostasis
is a substance made and released by a living thing, like when your skin sweats.
secretion
the chemical reactions in the body’s cells that change food into energy.
metabolism
the physical changes that occur during puberty.
sexual development
causes chemical changes in the body that can raise blood pressure, heart rate, and blood sugar levels.
stress
a small, pea-sized gland. The (blank) acts as the body’s ‘master gland’. It tells other glands in your body what to do.
pituitary gland
a small but crucial part of the brain. It releases hormones that turn the pituitary gland on or off.
hypothalamus
is situated in the middle of the human brain and is the major site of the body’s melatonin production.
pineal gland
is a small, butterfly-shaped gland located at the front of your neck under your skin.
thyroid
A gland that regulates calcium, located behind the thyroid gland in the neck.
parathyroid
are small, triangle-shaped glands that are located on top of each of your two kidneys.
adrenal gland/ suprarenal gland
makes the hormone insulin, which helps to control blood sugar levels.
pancreas
The main hormone secreted (blank) is testosterone, an androgenic hormone.
testicles
testes
in women, the (blank) make estrogen and progesterone.
ovaries
endo-
Meaning “inside” or “inward”
hypo- // hipo-
Meaning “below normal” or “low”
hyper- // hiper-
Meaning “above normal” or “high”
adeno- // adeno-
Meaning “gland”
crino- // crino-
Meaning “to secrete”
andro- // andro-
Meaning “male”
estro- // estro-
Meaning “female”
glyco- // glico-
Meaning “sugar”
gluco- // gluco-
Meaning “sugar”
-ism // ismo
Meaning “condition”
-oma // -oma
Meaning “mass” or “tumor”
radio- // radio-
Meaning “radioactive”
-emia // -emia
Meaning “blood condition”
