Eye infections Flashcards
What is blepharitis?
Inflammation of eyelids
What causes blepharitis?
Blocked sebaceous glands
Infection
What is the presentation of blepharitis?
Eye and/or eyelid swelling, redness, itching Burning Photophobia Watery eye Crusting
What is the management of blepharitis?
Clean and lubricate eyes and eyelids
Topical corticosteroids and antibiotics
What is conjunctivitis?
Very common
Inflammation of blood vessels in conjunctiva
What causes conjunctivitis?
Usually bacterial infection
What is the presentation of conjunctivitis?
Red watery eye
Cristing
Itchy
What is the management of conjunctivitis?
Topical antibiotic
Avoid close contact- contagious
What are the risk factors for a corneal ulcer?
Corneal trauma
Contact lens wearer
What is the presentation of a corneal ulcer?
Visible abrasion/ulcer Red, watery eye Pain Decreased visual acuity Photophobia
What is the management of a corneal ulcer?
Topical antibiotics and inpatient stay
What is anterior uveitis?
Inflammation of iris and ciliary body
What causes anterior uveitis?
50% idiopathic
Associated with HLA-B27 arthropathies
What is the presentation of anterior uveitis?
Dull pain
Red, watery eye
Photophobia
Flare- due to leucocytes in aqueous humour
What is the management of anterior uveitis?
Usually topical corticosteroids
What is posterior uveitis?
inflammation of vitreous, retina, choroid and/or optic nerve
What is posterior uveitis associated with?
Local or systemic infection
Systemic inflammatory disease
What is the presentation of posterior uveitis?
Painless
Blurry, decreased visual acuity
Floaters
What is the management of posterior uveitis?
Systemic steroids
Antibiotics if infective
What causes ocular herpes?
HSV 1 infection in cornea
What is the presentation of primary ocular herpes?
Unilateral
Dull pain deep in eye
Blepharoconjunctivitis
What s the presentation of recurrent ocular herpes?
Unilateral Dull pain deep in eye Dendritic ulcer Photophobia REdness Blurred vision
What is the management of ocular herpes?
Topical antivirals
What is periorbital cellulitis?
Inflammation and infection of superficial eyelid
What is the cause of periorbital cellulitis?
Children- sinusitis
Adults- superficial infection
What is the presentation of periorbital cellulitis?
Redness and swelling around eyelid
Pain
Ocular function intact
What is the management of periprbital cellulitis?
Antibiotics
Children- hospital admission and IVAB
What is the biggest complication of periorbital cellulitis?
Progression to orbital cellulitis
Wat is orbital cellulitis?
Infection within orbital soft tissues with associated ocular dysfunction
What is the presentation of orbital cellulitis?
Severe eye pain and headache Severe redness around swollen eyelid Visual disturbance Proptosis Ptosis Fever
What is the management of orbital cellulitis?
IVAB
Hospital admission
Surgical evaluation
What are the complications of orbital cellulitis?
Abscess
Intracranial spread
