Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

NS Exam 1 > Eye Development > Flashcards

Eye Development Flashcards

1
Q

When is the critical period for fetal eye development?

A

Weeks 4-7

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

What embryonic layers give rise to the eye?

A

Neuroectoderm

Surface ectoderm

Mesoderm/Neural Crest

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

What part of the brain does the eye originate from?

A

Diencephalon

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

What do the rims of the optic cup give rise to?

A

Iris and ciliary body

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

What muscles are the only muscles in the body to arise from neuroectoderm?

A

Dilator and Constrictor pupillae muscles

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

What embryonic layer gives rise to the stroma of the iris?

A

Neural Crest

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

What embryonic layer gives rise to the epithelium of the iris and the ciliary body?

A

Neuroectoderm

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

What embryonic layer gives rise to the smooth muscle cells of the ciliary body?

A

Mesoderm

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

What congenital disorders can predispose a patient to having separation of the pigmented and neural retina?

A

Down’s syndrome

Marfan’s syndrome

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Redevelopment of the intraretinal space comes from separation of what layers?

A

Neural retina and pigmented retina

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Defects in the Pax6 gene can have what result on the eye?

A

Aniridia

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Arrested development of what optic structure during the 8th week can result in aniridia?

A

Rim of optic cup

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

What embryonic layer gives rise to the lens of the eye?

A

Surface ectoderm

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

What structures of the lens are responsible for its transparent nature?

A

Primary lens fibers - columnar epithelium with dissociated nuclei

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

What optic structure do cataracts affect?

A

Lens

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Maternal rubella infection between 4-7 weeks gestation can have what effect on fetal eye development?

A

Congenital cataracts (vulnerable lens development)

Congenital glaucoma

17
Q

A 3 week old patient presents with congenital cataracts. He is being breastfed. What is the most likely diagnosis?

A

Congenital Galactosemia - accumulation of galactose from milk because of enzyme deficiency

18
Q

What layer of meninges is the sclera continuous with?

A

Dura

19
Q

What layers of meninges is the choroid continuous with?

A

Pia and arachnoid

20
Q

What optic structure does the pupillary membrane arise from?

A

Sclera

21
Q

When does the pupillary membrane degenerate during fetal eye formation?

A

Week 26

22
Q

What is the embryonic origin of primary vitreous humor?

A

Choroid (mesenchyme/NCC)

23
Q

Defects in what gene can cause congenital glaucoma?

A

CYP1B1

24
Q

Elevated intraocular pressure can place patients at risk for what disorder?

A

Congenital glaucoma

25
Q

Abnormal neural crest migration to form the scleral venous sinus results in an inability to drain what ocular fluid?

A

Aqueous humor

26
Q

What is the embryonic origin of the extra-ocular muscles?

A

Prechordal mesenchyme

27
Q

What embryonic artery gives rise to the central retinal A.?

A

Proximal portion of the Hyaloid A.

28
Q

What embryonic layer gives rise to the blood vessels of the eye?

A

Mesoderm

29
Q

What does the Hyaloid A. supply during fetal eye development?

A

Inner layer of optic cup

Lens vesicle

Optic cup mesenchyme

30
Q

What embryonic arteries do the ciliary arteries give rise to?

A

Choroidal vessels

31
Q

When do the choroidal vessels develop during fetal eye development?

A

15th week

32
Q

What nourishes the eye when the choroidal vessels degenerate?

A

Aqueous humor

33
Q

A patient presents to the ophthalmologist for a checkup. On examination, the patient’s left eye is smaller than usual and has a worm-like structure on the inside? What is the most likely cause of this?

A

Persistence of the distal portion of the Hyaloid A.

34
Q

What is the optic vesicle’s relationship to the optic nerve?

A

Provides the template and pathway for optic nerve

DOES NOT BECOME OPTIC NERVE

35
Q

What space will papilledema collect in?

A

Subarachnoid space of the meninges covering the optic vessels

36
Q

A patient presents with a key-lock appearing pupil. What is their most likely diagnosis?

A

Coloboma

37
Q

What is the embryological cause of coloboma?

A

Optic fissure fails to close completely, leaving a gap in the iris

38
Q

What is the genetic inheritance of coloboma?

A

Autosomal dominant

NS Exam 1 (18 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions