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NS Exam 1 > Eye and Eye movements > Flashcards

Eye and Eye movements Flashcards

1
Q

What vessels exit the Optic Canal?

A

CN II

Opthalmic A.

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2
Q

What structures pass through the Inferior Orbital Fissure?

A

Maxillary N.

Infraorbital A.

Zygomatic N. (V2)

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3
Q

What bone of the orbit is normally involved in an orbital blowout fracture?

A

Maxillary B.

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4
Q

What are some consequences of an orbital blowout fracture?

A

Diplopia (eyes not aligned)

Globe ptosis (eyeball falling through orbit)

Exophthalmos

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5
Q

What is the movement of the eyeball around the AP axis?

A

Intorsion (medial rotation)

Extorsion (Lateral rotation)

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6
Q

What extra-ocular muscles abduct the eyeball?

A

Superior Oblique

Inferior Oblique

Lateral Rectus

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7
Q

What extra-ocular muscles adduct the eyeball?

A

Superior Rectus

Inferior Rectus

Medial Rectus

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8
Q

What extra-ocular muscles are involved in bilateral eyeball depression?

A

Superior Oblique M.

Inferior Rectus M.

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9
Q

What extra-ocular muscles are involved in bilateral eyeball elevation?

A

Superior Rectus M.

Inferior Oblique M.

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10
Q

What nerves pass through the common tendinous ring of the orbit?

A

Superior/Inferior divisions of CN III

Nasociliary N.

Abducens CN VI

Optic CN II

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11
Q

A patient who is unable to look laterally with the L eye but is still able to perform all other ocular movements most likely has what disorder? What muscle is affected?

A

Abducens CN VI

Lateral Rectus M.

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12
Q

In a patient with CN IV palsy, what muscle is affected? How will the patient compensate?

A

Superior Oblique M.

Pt will turn head down and away from the affected side

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13
Q

When would a patient complain the most of diplopia if they have trochlear palsy?

A

When they have downward gaze (reading)

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14
Q

A patient presents with L eye looking down and out, droopy eyelid, and pupil dilation, what cranial nerve has been affected?

A

Oculomotor N.

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15
Q

Aneurysms of posterior cerebral A., posterior communicating A., and superior cerebellar A. can compress the Oculomotor N, affecting what autonomic division?

A

Parasympathetic

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16
Q

How does an afferent lesion affect the pupillary light reflex?

A

Ipsilateral side will not perform a direct response but will still perform a consensual response because motor innervation is still intact

17
Q

How does an efferent lesion affect the pupillary light reflex?

A

Ipsilateral side will not have pupillary muscle constriction but the contralateral side will still have a consensual response because afferents are still intact

18
Q

What comprises the outer covering of the Optic N.?

A

Meninges, continuous with meninges from the cranium

19
Q

What vessels are found running within the Optic N.?

A

Central Retinal V. and A.

20
Q

What is the conjunctiva that lines the innermost part of the eyelids?

A

Palpebral conjunctiva

21
Q

What is the conjunctiva that lines the outermost part of the eyeball?

A

Bulbar (ocular) conjunctiva

22
Q

Between what layers of the eye would a subconjunctival hemorrhage collect?

A

Bulbar conjunctiva and sclera

23
Q

Complete Ptosis results from destruction of what CN? What muscle is affected?

A

CN III

Levator Palpebrae Superioris M.

24
Q

Partial Ptosis results from destruction of what? What muscle is affected?

A

Postganglionic sympathetic fibers

Tarsal Ms.

25
Q

Ptosis as a result of Horner’s syndrome is failure of what muscle?

A

Tarsal M.

26
Q

How does papilledema present? What is it caused by?

A

Bulging optic disc

Caused by increased intracranial pressure

27
Q

What branch of the Opthlamic A. anastamoses with Middle Meningeal A.?

A

Lacrimal A.

28
Q

Sphenopalantine A. anastamoses with what arteries in the nasal cavity?

A

Anterior and Posterior Ethmoidal As.

29
Q

Occlusion of what terminal artery will result in blindness?

A

Central Retinal A.

30
Q

A patient presenting with dilated veins and small hemorrhages in the eye has occlusion of what vessel?

A

Central Retinal V.

31
Q

A patient presenting with a pale retina and a red spot in the eye most likely has occlusion of what vessel?

A

Central Retinal A.

32
Q

Where is the lacrimal gland located?

A

Lateral superior aspect of the eye

33
Q

What muscle is responsible for opening the lacrimal sac and pulling tears in?

A

Lacrimal part of orbicularis oculi M.

34
Q

Where does aqueous humor come from?

A

Ciliary processes

35
Q

Blockage of the scleral venous sinus can result in what disorder?

A

Glaucoma

36
Q

Rupture of blood vessels in the anterior chamber of the eye can result in what disorder?

A

Hyphema

37
Q

What attaches the ciliary processes to the lens of the eye?

A

Zonular fibers/suspensory ligament of the lens

38
Q

What is the action of the ciliary muscles for near vision? What is the effect on the lens?

A

Contract and decrease size of ciliary body, reduces tension on suspensory ligament

Lens become round

39
Q

What is the action of the ciliary muscles for far vision? What is the effect on the lens?

A

Relaxed ciliary muscles and increased size of ciliary body, increases tension on suspensory ligament

Flatten lens

NS Exam 1 (18 decks)

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