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NS Exam 1 > Craniofacial Vasculature > Flashcards

Craniofacial Vasculature Flashcards

1
Q

What venous plexus acts as a peripheral pump to aid venous return?

A

Pterygoid plexus

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2
Q

Where does the Accessory Meningeal A. enter the cranium?

A

Foramen Ovale

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3
Q

What nerve runs with the Lingual A.? Where is it in relation to the hypoglossus M.?

A

Hypoglossal N. lies superficial to the hypoglossus M.

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4
Q

What are the bony landmarks where cavernous sinus should be?

A

Diaphragm sellae

Sphenoidal sinus (lies inferior to cavernous sinus)

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5
Q

Inefficient exchange between the cerebrospinal system and venous system (through blood pressure or granulations) can result in what?

A

Hydrocephalus

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6
Q

Ruptured Middle Meningeal A. can result in what kind of hematoma?

A

Epidural hematoma

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7
Q

What are the branches of the mandibular part of the Maxillary A.?

A

Deep Auricular A.

Anterior Tympanic A.

Inferior Alveolar A.

Middle Meningeal A.

Accessory Meningeal A.

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8
Q

Where are the Zone I Deep Cervical LNs located?

A

Submental and submandibular

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9
Q

What artery runs with the Lingual N.?

A

Deep Lingual A.

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10
Q

The meninges receive arterial supply from what arteries?

A

Middle meningeal A. (frontal and parietal branches)

Occipital A. (mastoid branch)

Vertebral A.

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11
Q

What vein may drain into the internal jugular v. but will more often join vertebral or posterior auricular vs.?

A

Occipital V.

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12
Q

What nerve is most at risk if there is a thrombus in the cavernous sinus?

A

Abducens CN VI

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13
Q

Where are Zone VI Deep Cervical LNs located?

A

Anterior cervical, near the larynx

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14
Q

The terminal portion of the Occipital A. runs with what N.?

A

Greater Occipital N.

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15
Q

What are the branches of the Pterygoid part of Maxillary A.?

A

Deep Temporal A.

Pterygoid branches

Masseteric A.

Buccal A.

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16
Q

What are the two sites in the neck where lymphatic pathways intersect?

A

Jugulofacial venous jxn

Jugulosubclavian venous jxn

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17
Q

What are the branches of Superficial Temporal A.?

A

Transverse Facial A.

Middle Temporal A.

Anterior Auricular A.

Frontal A.

Parietal A.

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18
Q

What layers separate to surround the dural venous sinuses?

A

Periosteal layer of dura mater

Meningeal layer of dura mater

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19
Q

What nerves innervate the meninges?

A

CN V1, V2, and V3

Cervical Spinal Nerves C2 and C3

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20
Q

What nerves lie within the lateral wall of the cavernous sinus?

A

CN III - Oculomotor

CN IV - Trochlear

CN V1

CN V2

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21
Q

What are the two venous drainage options for Facial V.?

A

Internal/External Jugular (anterior)

Cavernous sinus (posterior)

22
Q

What are the 2 layers of Dura mater?

A

Periosteal layer

Meningeal layer

23
Q

What is the terminal branch of the Facial A.?

A

Angular A.

24
Q

What is the difference in blood plasma concentration and CSF?

A

CSF has more Na, H, and Ca but less K

25
Facial V. joins the cavernous sinus through what vein?
Superior Opthalmic V.
26
What division of the autonomic system is affected in a cavernous sinus thrombosis?
Parasympathetic (may have dilated pupils)
27
What is the terminal branch of Maxillary A.?
Sphenopalatine A.
28
What are the branches of the Superior Thyroid A.?
Infrahyoid A. Superior Laryngeal A. Sternocleidomastoid branch.
29
Where does Inferior Alveolar A. enter to supply the mandibular structures?
Mandibular foramen
30
What are the tributaries of the external jugular v.?
Posterior auricular V. Posterior division of retromandibular v. Posterior external jugular v. Transverse cervical v. Suprascapular v. Anterior jugular v.
31
What CN innervates the baroreceptors of the Carotid Sinus?
CN IX - Glossopharyngeal
32
How does Superficial Temporal A. terminate?
Divides into frontal and parietal branches in the temporal fossa
33
What are the facial branches of the Facial A.?
Inferior Labial A. Superior Labial A. Lateral Nasal A. Angular A.
34
What are the cervical branches of the Facial A.?
Ascending Palatine A. Tonsillar branch Submental and glandular branches
35
What veins come together to form the facial V.?
Supraorbital V. + Supratrochlear V. =\> Angular V =\> Facial V.
36
What thyroid vein does not drain into the internal jugular v. but directly into the Brachiocephalic V.?
Inferior Thyroid V.
37
What are the 4 cranial dural septa?
Falx cerebri Tentorium cerebelli Falx cerebelli Diaphragma sellae
38
What are the branches of the Internal Carotid A.?
Ophthalmic A. Anterior Cerebral A. Middle Cerebral A.
39
A patient presents with high fever, periorbital edema, chemosis (red conjuctiva), and a lateral gaze, what is the most likely diagnosis?
Cavernous sinus thrombosis
40
A 50 year old patient presents with dizziness and lightheadedness when turning her head. She has a PMH of smoking, hyperlipidemia, and is obese. What is the most likely diagnosis?
Vertebrobasilar insufficiency
41
What is the purpose of the bicuspid valve in the inferior bulb of the internal jugular V.?
Blood pressure homeostasis, valve will close in high pressure situations and open during low pressure
42
What happens during Subclavian Steal syndrome?
Occlusion of subclavian A. causes reverse flow of blood into the upper extremity instead of the brain
43
What muscle does the Lingual A. run deep to?
Hypoglossus M.
44
What veins come together to form Retromandibular V.?
Superficial Temporal V. Maxillary V.
45
What are the sinuses that drain into the confluence of sinuses?
Superior Sagittal Sinus Sigmoid sinus =\> Transverse sinus Great Cerebral V. =\> Straight sinus Occipital Sinus
46
Facial V. becomes Deep Facial V. to join what plexus?
Pterygoid plexus
47
Where are Zone V Deep Cervical LNs located?
Posterior cervical triangle
48
Yawning assists in venous return by the prolonged, forcible contraction of what muscle?
Latera pterygoid M.
49
What vessels lie within the cavernous sinus?
Internal carotid A. CN VI (Abducens)
50
What is the landmark for the retromandibular V.?
Parotid gland (travels through the gland)
51
What are the branches of the Pterygopalatine part of Maxillary A.?
Posterior Superior Alveolar A. Infraorbital A. A. of Pterygoid Canal Pharyngeal Branch Descending Paltine A. Greater Palatine A. Phenopalatine A.
52
What is the clinical significance of the dural venous sinuses?
Infection in the scalp can enter into the dural venous sinuses and drain into the body

NS Exam 1 (18 decks)

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