Eye

Question 0

The eye can respond to ___.

Answer 0

Varying luminace, sensitivity to form, distance and movement.

Question 1

The range of the visible wave length is ___ to ___.

Answer 1

400 to 700 nm.

Question 2

The functions or modalities of the eye include ___.

Answer 2

Sensitivity to minute changes in lumosity, dark adapted scotopic vision, discrimination of form, discrimination of movement, color light adapted photopic vision.

Question 3

The paired eyes can preform ___.

Answer 3

Panoramic vision with muscles, binocular vision and stereoscopic vision.

Question 4

The lateral walls of the two orbits diverge at approximately ___ degrees.

Answer 4

45.

Question 5

Name the mucus membrane which lines the inner surface of the eyelids.

Answer 5

Conjunctiva.

Question 6

Name the bones that form the superior wall or roof of the orbit.

Answer 6

The orbital part of the frontal bone and lesser wing of the sphenoid.

Question 7

Name the feature which is between the inferior and lateral orbital walls.

Answer 7

Inferior orbital fissure.

Question 8

The apex of the orbit is in the ___ of ___.

Answer 8

Optic canal of the sphenoid (lesser wing).

Question 9

Name the bones which form the base of the orbital margin.

Answer 9

Zygomatic, maxillary and frontal.

Question 10

The periorbita is continuous with the dura mater thru the ___ and ___.

Answer 10

Optic canal and superior orbital fissure.

Question 11

Name the transparent structure which is attached to the anterior surface of the eyeball.

Answer 11

Bulbar conjunctiva.

Question 12

The conjunctival sac is the space bounded by the ___ and ___.

Answer 12

Palpebral and bulbar conjunctivae.

Question 13

The palpebral portion of the orbicularis oculi is the connective tissue between the ___ and ___.

Answer 13

Superficial to the tarsi and deep to the skin of the eyelids.

Question 14

The tarsal glands are located in the superior and inferior ___.

Answer 14

Tarsi.

Question 15

The ciliary glands are located in the margins of the ___.

Answer 15

Eyelids.

Question 16

Name the enzyme which is bacteriocidal in the lacrimal fluid.

Answer 16

Lysozyme.

Question 17

The orbital and palpebral parts of the lacrimal gland are divided by the ___.

Answer 17

Lateral expansion of the levator palpebral superioris tendon.

Question 18

Name the entire pathway of the parasympathetic secretomotor nerve from the cranial nucleus to the lacrimal gland in sequence.

Answer 18

Superior salivatory nucleus, nervus intermedius, genicular ganglion, greater petrosal nerve, nerve to pterygoid canal, pterygopalatine ganglion, maxillary nerve, zygomatic nerve, zygomaticotemporal nerve, lacrimal nerve.

Question 19

Name the entire pathway of the sympathetic postsynaptic motor nerve to the lacrimal gland in sequence.

Answer 19

Superior cervical ganglion, internal carotid nerve, internal carotid plexus, deep petrosal nerve, nerve to pterygoid canal, pterygopalatine ganglion, maxillary nerve, zygomatic nerve, zygomaticotemporal nerve, lacrimal nerve.

Question 20

Name the structure which conveys the lacrimal fluid from the lacrimal sac to the inferior nasal meatus.

Answer 20

Nasolacrimal duct.

Question 21

The outer fibrous layer of the eyeball consists of ___ and ___.

Answer 21

Cornea and sclera.

Question 22

Name the structure that covers the anterior 1/6 of the eyeball.

Answer 22

Transparent bulbar conjunctiva or cornea.

Question 23

The vascular layer of the eyeball is also called ___ or ___.

Answer 23

Uvea.

Question 24

The vascular layer of the eyeball consists of ___, ___ and ___.

Answer 24

Choroid, iris and ciliary body.

Question 25

Within the choroid, the large vessels are located internally. True/False.

Answer 25

False. Externally located.

Question 26

Name the innermost layer of the choroid.

Answer 26

Choriocapillaries.

Question 27

The ciliary body is connected to ___ anteriorly and ___ posteriorly.

Answer 27

Choroid and iris.

Question 28

The anterior chamber of the eye is the space between the ___ anteriorly and ___ posteriorly.

Answer 28

Cornea and iris.

Question 29

Sympathetic responses to the pupil are faster than parasympathetic responses. True/False.

Answer 29

False.

Question 30

Name the single layer of cells that reinforce the light-absorbing property of the choroid in reducing the scattering of light in the eyeball.

Answer 30

Pigment cell layer.

Question 31

Name two features on the fundus of the eyeball.

Answer 31

Optic disc and macula lutea.

Question 32

The optic disc is sensitive to color. True/False

Answer 32

False. Its insensitive to light.

Question 33

Name the feature that is specialized for acuity of vision.

Answer 33

Macula lutea.

Question 34

The functional optic part of the retina terminates anteriorly along the ___________.

Answer 34

Ora serrata.

Question 35

Name the main artery that supplies the retina.

Answer 35

Central artery of the retina of the opthalmic artery.

Question 36

Name the refractive media of the eyeball which pass through the light waves to the retina, in sequence.

Answer 36

Cornea, aqueous humor, lens, vitreous humor and retina.

Question 37

The cornea is innervated by the ____ of ____.

Answer 37

Long ciliary of nasociliary nerve.

Question 38

Name two veins through which the aqueous humor is drained through the limbal plexus.

Answer 38

Vorticose and anterior ciliary veins.

Question 39

The lens of the eye is anchored by the ___ to the ciliary body.

Answer 39

Zonular fibers (suspensory ligament of the lens).

Question 40

Name the nerve which causes the near vision with the ciliary muscle constriction.

Answer 40

???

Question 41

Name two main arteries, which supply the eye.

________ of _________, ________ of ________

Answer 41

Opthalmic artery of internal carotid artery and maxillary artery of external carotid artery.

Question 42

The central vein of the retina drains into the _______ or _______.

Answer 42

Cavernous sinus or superior opthalmic vein.

Question 43

The retinal detachment usually results from the fluid accumulation between ___ and ___ layers of the retina.

Answer 43

Neural and pigment cell layers.

Question 44

The papilledema results from increased intracranial pressure through the subarachnoid space around the optic nerve. True/False

Answer 44

True.

Question 45

Horner syndrome results from interruption of ____.

Answer 45

The cervical sympathetic trunk.

Question 46

The paralysis of the superior tarsal muscle may cause the ______.

Answer 46

Ptosis.

Question 47

The glaucoma is caused by decrease drainage of aqueous humor through ___________.

Answer 47

Sclera venous sinus.