Extras: Study Sheets: Degen + Flashcards
active vs inactive plaques in MS
active: foamy macrophages
inactive: gliosis
ANHE
recent URI in kids -> fulminant demyelination -> fatal in most
neuritic vs diffuse plaques in alzheimers
- neuritic: neurites around AB amyloid core
2. diffuse: no amyloid core
two conditions that have TDP-43 and FUS
FTLDs, ALS
major key for PSP: progressive supranuclear palsy
loss of voluntary eye movement, especially looking down
three conditions that have a-synuclein
Parkinsons, lewy body dementia, MSA
what area of the brain atrophies first in Huntington’s
caudate nucleus
what condition has Bunina bodies
ALS
what condition has mutated SOD1
ALS
what repeat is found in Freidrich’s ataxia
GAA repeats
two leukodystrophies that are X-linked (rest are AR)
Adrenoleukodystrophy, Pelizius-Merzbacher dz
decreased enzyme in Krabbe disease, metachromatic leukodystrophy, and canavan Dz
- Krabbe: galactocerebroside B-galactosidase
- Metachrom: arylsulfatase A
- Canavan: aspartoacylase
which leukodystrophy has behavioral changes and adrenal insufficiency?
adrenoleukodystrophy
which leukodystrophy has pendular eye moements, hypotonia, and choreoathetosis?
Pelizius-Merzbacher
Canavan dz presentation
- megalocephaly
- severe mental deficits
- blindness
gene mutated in Alexander dz
GFAP
which leukodystrophy has rosenthal fibers?
alexander dz
beriberi
cardiac failure due to B1 deficiency (thiamine)
B12 causing subacute combined degeneration
myelin vacuoles in ascending tracts of posterior columns + descending pyramidal tracts
two things that affects somner’s sector of the hippocampus
hypoglycemia, carbon monoxide
two areas of the brain affected by methanol ingestion
retinal ganglion cells, putamen
tumor assoc with NMDA encephalitis
teratoma
NMDA encephalitis has 4+/6 of which sx?
- psych dysfx
- speech dysfx
- SZR
- movement dysfx
- decreased consciousness
- autonomic dysfx
EEG for NMDA encephalitis
extreme delta brush
