7: Drugs for Movement Disorders

Question 1

four cardinal features of parkinsons

Answer 1

1. bradykinesia
2. muscular rigidity
3. resting tremor
4. impairment of postural balance

Question 2

parkinson disease dementia symptoms

Answer 2

forgetfulness, slow thought process, difficulty concentrating, chnage in energy levels, anxiety, depression

Question 3

what CA are all Parkinson patients at greater risk for?

Answer 3

melanoma

Question 4

why is carbidopa given with levodopa

Answer 4

carbidopa blocks peripheral DOPA decarboxylase -> more levodopa can reach the brain

Question 5

on-off phenomenon in parkinsons

Answer 5

back and forth switch between mobilty and immobility in levodopa-treated patients, occurs as end of dose is wearing off

Question 6

Wilson disease

Answer 6

reduced ceruloplasmin (copper carrying protein) -> marked increase in copper in brain and viscera

Question 7

symptoms of wilson disease

Answer 7

hepatic and neurologic dysfunction

Question 8

akathisia

Answer 8

feeling restless and need to move - pts pace, walk in place, shake foot, rock while seated

Question 9

tardive dyskinesia

Answer 9

involuntary choeroathetoid movements of the orofacial region and tongue - lip smacking, chewing, tongue protrusions

Question 10

dystonia

Answer 10

involuntary muscle contractions/spasms and abnormal postures, mostly in back/neck/extremities/jaw/larynx -> can cause difficulty walking, breathing, turning head, and with speech

Question 11

parkinsonism

Answer 11

tremor, rigidity, bilateral slowness of movement

Question 12

four classes of drugs that commonly can cause akathisia, dyskinesia, dystonia, and parkinsonism**

Answer 12

1. anti-emetics
2. anti-epileptics
3. anti-psychotics
4. reserpine