Extra pelvis + perineum cards

Question 1

Why are some drugs not effective when taken orally and only work via IV/ IM?

Answer 1

Any oral medication goes through the liver first and may metabolize it to the active drug or inactivate it. IV meds wouldn’t go through liver unless it went through HPVs after circulating or (something else); second pass effect.

Question 1

Describe the path of bile

Answer 1

1) Goes into common duct
2) Up cystic duct to gallbladder
3) Fat stimulates gallbladder to express the bile
4) Goes back through cystic duct to common bile duct
5) Through sphincter to ampulla
6) Through sphincter to second part of duodenum

Question 2

What is the function of the hepatic vein?

Answer 2

Collects blood from the liver and delivers it to systemic circulation

Question 3

What are the two sources of blood to the liver?

Answer 3

HPV and HA

Question 4

What is it called when there’s fluid in the tunica vaginalis? What is it called when there’s fluid in peritoneum?

Answer 4

Hydrocele; ascites

Question 5

Explain the mesentary

Answer 5

Mesentery is 2 layers of peritoneum that come off posterior wall, and between those layers is where vessels are (portal system, muscles, nerves, etc).

Question 6

If you have 2 or more layers of peritoneum that connect to abdominal viscera like liver or stomach, we call those what?

Answer 6

Ligaments
-incl the ligaments that make up the omentums

Question 7

True or false: Mesentery goes entirely around transverse colon

Answer 7

True

Question 8

If you give a drug that inhibits ACH (anticholinergic) , micturition reflex would be inhibited, what would that do to the micturition reflex?

Answer 8

Inhibit it

Question 9

List the 3 parts of the greater omentum

Answer 9

Gastrohepatic ligament, gastrosplenic ligament, and gastrocolic ligament,

Question 10

What separates the supracolic and infracolic compartments of the peritoneal cavity?

Answer 10

Gastrocolic ligament of greater omentum

Question 11

Veins draining bladder correspond to arteries and drain into the __________________ veins (Caval system)

Answer 11

internal iliac

Question 12

True or false: the renal veins do not participate in the portal system, and neither do the bladder’s veins

Answer 12

True

Question 13

True or false: The blood from the spleen, pancreas, and GI tract participates in the hepatic portal system

Answer 13

True

Question 14

What inhibits the internal urethral sphincter?

Answer 14

Parasympathetic stimulation

Question 15

What acts as post-synaptic cell body for pre-synaptic sympathetic fibers?

Answer 15

Medulla of kidneys

Question 17

If the abdominal aorta burst, where would the blood go?

Answer 17

Retroperitoneal space