export_laundry exam 3-1 Flashcards
Term used to refer to “the observable characteristics of the bacterial cell”
phenotype
In dermatology, this term means “inflammation of skin folds”
intertrigo
This is the term used to describe the direct transfer of “naked” chromosomal DNA from one bacterial cell to a second bacterial cell
transformation
In reference to optimal growth temperature, the genus Streptococcus would be placed in this classification
mesophile
In dermatology, this term means “a liquid-filled cavity without pus within the epidermis”
vesicle
In dermatology, this term refers to “a small collection of pus under the epidermis”
pustule
This term refers to the hairlike projections on bacterial cell surface but especially applies to those that function in adhesion or attachment functions
fimbriae
This biochemical pathway is responsible for anaerobic glycolysis (fermentation) of glucose
Embden-Meyerhof pathway
This is the name of the compound that is used by the pharmaceutical industry to test for the presence of endotoxin in pharmaceuticals
Limulus Amebocyte lysate
Responsible for the type of antimicrobial resistance described as MRSA. Often associated with the presence of multiple antimicrobial resistance.
MecA gene
The hemolytic pattern of the genus Streptococcus characterized by partial hemolysis
alpha hemolysis
The primary cellular response seen in this type of inflammation is neutrophilic
pyogenic
This toxin is responsible for the skin lesions in exudative epidermitis of young pigs by producing an epidermal necrolysis
exfoliative toxin
Term referring to a level of disease that is above the usual level for an animal population
epidemic
Term used to describe a pyogenic infection of the hair follicles in which there is a coalescence of several hair follicles into one large pyogenic lesion
furunculosis
Term for an infection acquired by an animal during residence in a veterinary hospital
nosocomial infection
The classification of the Staphylococcus in regards to requirements of atmospheric gases
facultatively anaerobic bacteria
This term means “inflammation of the skin”
dermatitis
This virulence factor of some species of Staphylococcus binds nonspecifically to the Fc receptor of IgG and may be responsible for causing a hypersensitivity reaction
Protein A
Term used for a chronic pyogenic granulomatous disease characterized by a granulation tissue enclosing multiple small abscesses
botryomycosis
This virulence factor of some species of Streptococcus is probably responsible for the immune mediated reactions associated with Streptococcus infections in humans and horses
M-protein
This toxin is responsible for the symptoms associated with food poisoning in humans due to Staphylococcus aureus
enterotoxin
Term used for the immunological products that consist of killed bacteria that were isolated from a given herd of animals and then used back in that herd
autogenous bacterin
This virulence factor is considered to be the best marker of virulence within the genus Staphlyococcus
coagulase
The primary cellular response seen in this type of inflammation is monocytic
granulomatous
Closely attached amorphous layers of polysaccharides that are physically associated with the surface of the bacterial cell
capsule
Term referring to a persistence of infection or disease in an animal population at a more or less constant level
endemic
This term means “difficult or labored breathing”
dyspnea
This term refers to “an inflammation of connective tissue”
fasciitis
This is the name given to the crystalline arrays of proteins or glycoproteins that are attached on the outside of the peptidoglycan layer of gram positive bacteria
S-layer
Term indicating presence of bacteria in circulatory system with concurrent acute and severe clinical response by the host
septicemia
These antigens of Streptococcus are used to separate the genus into groups (A, B, C, etc.)
Lancefield antigens
In dermatology, this term refers to “small, solid, and usually conical elevations of the skin that do not contain pus”
papule
This class of toxins is responsible for Toxic Shock Syndrome seen with infections of Staphylococcus and Streptococcus
Superantigens
Complex carbohydrates that are given to stimulate the growth and/or activity of bacteria in the digestive system which are beneficial to the health of the body
prebiotics
Term for an infection caused by a nonpathogenic normal flora bacterial species which occurred because of a breakdown in body defenses
opportunistic infection
This term means “swollen or enlarged lymph nodes”
lymphadenopathy
Term referring to the number of cases from a given disease in a given population (term interval specified)
morbidity
This class of toxins is responsible for Necrotizing Fascitis, a syndrome sometimes seen with Streptococcus infections
superantigens
This toxin (hemolysin) of Staphylococcus pseudointermedius produces a complete hemolysis on blood agar
alpha toxin (hemolysin)
Term for those infections which the diagnostician considered to be “self-originated” or “without known cause”
idiopathic infection
This toxin (hemolysin) of Staphylococcus pseudointermedius produces a partial hemolysis on blood agar
Beta toxin (hemolysin)
In human dermatology, this is the diagnostic term that is often used for superficial bacterial infections of the skin in young children
impetigo
Small genetic elements that can be transferred between bacterial cells through conjugation
plasmids
These 2 DOMAINS of the living world only contain procaryotic organisms
archea and bacteria
These 2 enzymes, produced by certain bacteria, protect them from toxic oxygen containing compounds produced when oxygen is the terminal electron acceptor in energy metabolism
catalase and superoxide dismutase
These 2 bacteria, along with Staphylococcus intermedius, are the 3 species that were separated out of the original Staphylococcus intermedius species
Staphylococcus delphini and pseudintermedius
These 2 agents are the bacteria often associated with chronic deep pyoderma in dogs
Staphylococcus pseudintermedius and schleiferi
Principal cause of botryomycosis in the horse
Staphylococcus aureus
This agent has been implicated as a cause of necrotizing fasciitis in dogs
Streptococcus canis
This agent is considered to one of the major causes of endometritis in the horse
Streptococcus equi subsp. zooepidemicus
This agent is the cause of “Greasy Pig Disease”, an exudative epidermis of young pigs
Staphylococcus hyicus
This bacterium is considered to be the cause of Acute Moist Dermatitis (“Hot spots”)
none of the above
This alpha hemolytic Streptococcus is a major cause of meningitis, pneumonia, and septicemia in young pigs
Streptococcus suis
This bacterium is considered to be an underlying cause of equine purpura hemorrhagica through the mechanism of an “immune complex disease”
Streptococcus equi subsp. equi
In human medicine, this Streptococcus, a common cause of neonatal infections, is commonly diagnosed as “Group B Strep infection”
Streptococcus agalactiae
This catalase positive bacterium is a common cause of mastitis in cattle
Staphylococcus aureus
This streptococcal pathogen, a common cause of mastitis in dairy cattle, is considered to be an obligate intramammary parasite
Streptococcus agalactiae
This agent has recently been associated with the condition “Inflammatory Respiratory Disease” in young training Thoroughbreds
Streptococcus pneumoniae
Type of pyoderma: Corticosteroids are indicated as major therapy in this disease. Antibiotics are given as ancillary agents.
juvenile pyoderma, acute pyotraumatic pyoderma
Type of pyoderma: Antibiotics are indicated as the major therapy in this disease. Corticosteroids are given as ancillary agents.
none
Type of pyoderma: Antibiotics are indicated as major therapy in this disease. Corticosteroids are contraindicated.
Generalized deep pyoderma, recurrent superficial folliculitis, superficial folliculitis at first (initial) diagnosis
The Properdin pathway is a biological pathway:
in mammals as an alternative pathway for activation of complement
An outbreak of Strangles in a group of susceptible horses is usually characterized by:
high morbidity and low mortality
A description of Staphylococcus pseudintermedius would be as follows:
gram positive, catalase positive, cocci in clusters
You are treating a generalized deep pyoderma in a dog. Which statements are false?
A) Staph aureus is the usual bacterial pathogen involved
B) Immunomodulators are often indicated in therapy
C) Elimination of predisposing causes is essential
D)Long term antibiotics are indicated
E) The use of corticosteroids is indicated
E - Corticosteroids are NOT indicated
Lancefield group of Streptococcus as originally done by Rebecca Lancefield depended on a precipitation test with the ___ antigen
carbohydrate antigen
The lesions of purpura hemorrhagica are best characterized as/by:
well-demarcated edema
What of the following is considered to be the most efficacious of the shampoos to be used in therapy of canine pyoderma?
Benzoyl peroxide shampoo
You are going to treat a 3 month old foal with a confirmed case of streptococcal septicemia by intramuscular injection. Which would be the antimicrobial of choice?
Ampicillin (any penicillin)
What is the chromosome number of Streptococcus equi subsp. zooepidemicus?
one
Which of the disease situations would be diagnosed as Bastard Strangles?
Infection of the mesenteric lymph nodes with Streptococcus equi subsp. equi
The virulence factor of Staphyloccus pseudointermedius that is probably involved in the development of the hypersensitivity response in chronic deep pyoderma of dogs
Protein A
The classical clinical sign leading to a presumptive diagnosis of strangles in a horse would be:
lymph node swelling (head region) with subsequent abscessation and rupture
When setting up a management plan it is necessary to classify the pyoderma in the dog by the seriousness of the disease. The most means of classification is based on:
depth of the involvement into the skin
A positive test separates the Proteus-Providencia group from the rest of the Enterobacteriaceae
lysine deaminase reaction
Major biochemical test used to separate the Gram-negative bacteria into 2 major groups
oxidase test
Test used to determine the Gram reaction of a bacterial isolate
KOH test
Used to determine if a bacterial isolate produces acetoin
VP test
MacConkey Agar can be used to determine fermentation of this sugar
lactose
The ability of other bacteria to enhance the partial hemolytic zone produced by Staphylococcus aureus is determined with this test
camp test
This is a selective media
MacConkey Agar
A positive test indicates metabolism of tryptophan
indole test
Media used to determine if bacterial isolates would have either of these biochemical pathways: Pentose Phosphate Shunt or Enter-Doudoroff pathway
oxidative-fermentative media
Major biochemical test used to separate the Gram-positive cocci into 2 major groups
catalase test
