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Bacteriology IP5 > export_bact test 3 > Flashcards

export_bact test 3 Flashcards

1
Q

Translation

A

Term use for the process of info transfer from RNA to produce proteins

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2
Q

Phenotype

A

Term used to refer to the observable characteristics of bacterial cell

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3
Q

Transcription

A

Term used to describe the process of DNA producing RNA

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4
Q

Intertrigo

A

In dermatology, this term means inflammation of skin folds

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5
Q

Transformation

A

This is the term used to describe the direct transfer of naked chromosomal DNA from one bacterial cell to a second bacterial cell

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6
Q

Mesophile

A

In reference to optimal growth temp the genus Streptococcus would be placed in this classification

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7
Q

Vesicle

A

In dermatology, this term refers to a liquid filled cavity w/o pus within the epidermis

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8
Q

Pustule

A

In dermatolgy, this term refers to a small collection of pus under the epidermis

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9
Q

Fimbriae

A

THis term refers to the hairlike projections on bacterial cell surace but especially applies to those that function in adhesion or attachment functions

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10
Q

Embden-Mehyerhof pathway

A

This biochemical pathway is responsible for anaerobic glycolysis of glucose

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11
Q

Limulus Amebocyte lysate

A

This is the name of the compound that is used by the pharma ceutical industry to test for the presence of endotoxin in pharmaceuticals

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12
Q

Alpha hemolysis

A

The hemolytic pattern of the genus Streptococcus characterized by partial hemolysis

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13
Q

Pyogenic

A

The primary cellular responses seen in this type of inflammation is neutrophilic

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14
Q

Exfoliative toxin

A

This toxin is responsible for the skin lesions in Exudative epidermitis of young pigs by rpoducing an epidermal necrolysis

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15
Q

Epidemic

A

Term referring to a level of disease that is above the usual level for an animal pop.

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16
Q

Furunculosis

A

Term used to describe a pyogenic infection of the hair follicles in which there is a coalescence of several hair folicles inot one large pyogenic lesion

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17
Q

Nosocomial infection

A

Term for an infection acquired by an animal during residence in a veterinary hosptial

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18
Q

Facultatively anaerobic bacteria

A

The classification of the Staphylococcus in regards to requirements of atmospheric gases

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19
Q

Dermatitis

A

This term means inflammation of the skin

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20
Q

Protein A

A

This virulence factor of some species of Staphylococcus binds nonspecifically to the Fc receptor of IgG and may be responsible for causing a hypersensitivity rxn

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21
Q

Botryomycosis

A

Term used for a chronic pyogenic granulomatous disease characterized by a granulation tissue enclosing multiple small abscesses

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22
Q

M-protein

A

This virulence factor of some species of Streptococcus is probably responsible for the immune mediated rxns associated w/ streptococcus infection in humans and horses

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23
Q

Enterotoxin

A

This toxin is responsible for the symptoms associated w/ food poisoning in humans due to Staphylococcus aureus

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24
Q

Autogenous bacterin

A

Term used for the immunological products that consist of killed bacteria that were isolated from a given herd of animals and then used back in that herd

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25
Q

Coagulase

A

This virulence factor is considered to be the best marker of virulence within the Genus Staphylococcus

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26
Q

Granulomatous

A

The primary cellular responses seen in this type of inflammation is monocytic

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27
Q

Capsule

A

Closely attached amorphous layers of polysaccharides that are physically associated w/ the surface of the bacterial cell

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28
Q

Endemic

A

Term referring to a persistence of infection or disease in an animal pop at a more or less constant low level

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29
Q

Dyspnea

A

This term means difficult or labored breathing

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30
Q

Fascilitis

A

This term refers to an inflammation of CT

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31
Q

S-layer

A

This is the name given to the crystalline arrays of proteins or glycoproteins that are attached on the outside of the peptidoglycan layer of gram positive bacteria

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32
Q

Septicemia

A

Term indicating presence of bacteria in circulatory system w/ concurrent acute and severe clinical response by the host

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33
Q

Lancefield antigens

A

These antigens of Streptococcus are used to separate the genus into groups (A,B,C, etc.)

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34
Q

Papule

A

In dermatology, this term refers to small solid and usually conical elevations of skin that do not contain pus

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35
Q

Superantigens

A

This class of toxins is responsible for toxic shock syndrome seen w/ infections of Staphylococcus and streptococcus

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36
Q

Prebiotics

A

Complex carbs taht are given to stimulate the growth ad or activity of bacteria in the digestive system which are beneficial to the health of the body

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37
Q

Opportunistic infection

A

Term for an infection caused by a nonpathogenic normal flora bacterial species which occurred because of a breakdown in body defenses

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38
Q

Lymphadenopathy

A

This term means swollen or enlarged lymph nodes

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39
Q

Morbidity

A

Term referring to the number of cases from a given disease in a given pop (time interval specified)

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40
Q

Alpha toxin (hemolysin)

A

This toxin of Staphylococcus pseudintermedius produces a complete hemolysis on blood agar

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41
Q

Idiopathic infection

A

Term for those infections which the diagnostician considered to be self originated or w/o known cause

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42
Q

Beta toxins (hemolysin)

A

This toxin of Staphylococcus pseudintermedius produces a partial hemolysis on blood agar

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43
Q

Impetigo

A

In human dermatolgoy, this is the diagnostic term that is often used for superficial bacterial infections of the skin in young children

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44
Q

Plasmids

A

Small genetic elements that can be transferred b/t bacterial cells thru conjugation

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45
Q

Archaea

Bacteria

A

These 2 domains of the living world only contain procaryotic organisms

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46
Q

Catalase

Superoxide dismutase

A

These 2 enzymes produced by certain bacteria protect them from toxic oxygen containing compounds produced when oxygen is the terminal electron acceptor in energy metabolism

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47
Q

Staphylococcus delphini and pseudintermedius and intermedius

A

The three species that were separated out of the original staphylococcus intermedius species

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48
Q

Staph. pseudintermedius and schieferi

A

These 2 agents are the bacteria often associated w/ chronic deep pyoderma in dogs

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49
Q

Staph. aureus

A

Principal cause of botryomycosis in the horse

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50
Q

Strep. canis

A

This agent has been implicated as a cause of necrotizing fascilitis in dogs

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51
Q

Strept. equi subsp. zooepidemicus

A

This agent is considered to be one of the major causes of endometritis in the horse

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52
Q

Staphy. hyicus

A

This agent is the cause of Greasy pig disease an exudative epidermitis of young pigs

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53
Q

Strep. suis

A

This alpha hemolytic Streptococcus is a major cause of meningitis, pneumonia, and septicemia in young pigs

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54
Q

Strep. equi subsp. equi

A

This bacterium is considered to be an underlying cause of equine purpura hemorrhagica thru the mechanism of an immune complex disease

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55
Q

Strep. agalactiae

A

In human medicine this streptococcus, a common cause of neonatal infections is commonly diagnosed as Group B Strep infection

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56
Q

Staph. aureus

A

This catalase positive bacterium is a comon cause of mastitis in cattle

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57
Q

Strept. agalactiae

A

This streptococcal pathogen, a common cause of mastitis in dairy cattle is considered to be an obligate intramammary parasite

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58
Q

Strep. pneumoniae

A

This agent has recently been asociated w/the condition inflammatory respiratory disease in young training thoroughbreds

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59
Q

Juvenile pyodema

Acute pyotraumatic pyodema

A

Corticosteroids are indicated as major therapy in this disease. Antibiotics are given as ancillary agents

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60
Q

Generalized deep pyoderma
Recurrent superficial folliculitis
Superficial folliculitis at first diagnosis

A

Antibiotics are indicated as major therapy in this disease. Corticosteroids are contraindicated.

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61
Q

In mammals as an alternate pathway for activation of complement

A

THe properdin pathway is a biological pathway?

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62
Q

high morbidity and low mortality

A

An outbreak of strangles in a group of susceptible horses is usually characterized by?

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63
Q

Gram +, catalase +, coci in clusters

A

A description of staph. pseudintermedius would be as follows?

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64
Q

The use of corticosteroids is indicated in these cases

A

You are treating a generalized deep pyoderma in a dog. Which of the following statements are false for handling this situation?

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65
Q

Carb antigen

A

Lancefield group of Streptococcus as originally done by Rebecca Lancefield depended on a precipitation test with the ? antigen.

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66
Q

well demarcated edema

A

The lesions of purpura hemorrhagica are best characterize as/by:

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67
Q

Benzoyl peroxide shampoo

A

What of the following is considered to be the most efficacious of the shampoos to be used in therapy of canine pyoderma?

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68
Q

Ampicillin

A

You are to treat a 3 month old foal w/ a confirmed case of stretococcal septicemia by intramscular injection. You have available antibiotics in the following list. Which would be the antimicrobial of choice?

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69
Q

one

A

What is the chromosome number of streptococus equi subsp. zooepidemicus?

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70
Q

Infection of the mesenteric lymph nodes w/ streptococcus equi subsp equi

A

Which of the following disease situation swould be diagnosed as bastard strangles?

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71
Q

Protein A

A

The virulence factor of Staphylococcus pseudintermedius that is probably involved in the development of the hypersensitivity response in chronic deep pyoderma of dogs is?

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72
Q

Lymph node swelling w/subsequent abscesation and rupture

A

The classical clinicalsign leading to a presumptive diagnosis of strangles in a horse would be?

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73
Q

Depth of the involvement into the skin

A

When setting up a management plan, it is necessary to classify the pyoderma in the dog by the seriousness of the disease. The most useful means of classification is based on?

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74
Q

Lysine Deaminase rxn

A

A positive test separates the Proteus-Providencia group from the rest of the Enterobacteriaceae

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75
Q

Oxidase test

A

Major biochemical test used to separate the Gram-negative bacteria into 2 major groups

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76
Q

KOH test

A

Test used to determine the gram rxn of a bacterial isolate

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77
Q

VP test

A

Used to determine if a bacterial isolate produces acetoin

78
Q

Lactose

A

MacConkey Agar can be used to determine fermentation of this sugar

79
Q

Camp Test

A

The ability of other bacteria to enhance the partial hemolytic zone produced by Staph. aureus is determined w/ this test

80
Q

MacConkey Agar

A

This is a selective Media

81
Q

Indole test

A

A positive test indicates metabolism of tryptophan

82
Q

Oxidative fermentative media

A

Media used to determine if bacterial isolates would have either of these biochemical pathways: Pentose phosphate shunt or F entner doudoroff pathway

83
Q

Catalase test

A

Major biochemical test used to separate the gram positive cocci into 2 major groups

84
Q

Coagulase

A

This virulence factor is considered to be the best marker of virulence within the genus Staphylococcus

85
Q

Granulomatous

A

The primary cellular response seen in this type of inflammation is monocytic

86
Q

Procaryotic cell

A

Term used to describe the type of internal structure arrangement unique to bacterial cells

87
Q

Opportunistic infection

A

Term for an infection caused by a nonpathogenic normal flora bacterial species which occurred because of a breakdown of body defenses

88
Q

Beta toxin

A

This toxin produced by Staph is used in the CAMP test to help identify several species of bacteria including Strep. agalactiae

89
Q

Superantigens

A

This class of toxins is responsible for toxic shock syndrome seen with infections fo Staph and Strep

90
Q

Vesicle

A

In dermatology, this term means a liquid filled cavity w/o puss under the epidermis

91
Q

Endemic

A

Term referring to a persistence of infection of disease in an animal pop. at a more or less constant low level

92
Q

Endometritis

A

This term means inflammation of the uterine wall

93
Q

Dyspnea

A

This term means difficult or labored breathing

94
Q

S-layer

A

This is the name given to the crystalline arrays of proteins or glycoproteins that are attached on the outside of the peptidoglycan layer of gram positive bacteria

95
Q

Septicemia

A

Term indicating presence of bacteria in circulatory system w/ concurrent acute and severe clinical response by the host

96
Q

Pyogenic

A

The primary cellular response seen in this type of inflammation is neutrophilic

97
Q

Protein A

A

This virulence factor of some species of Staph binds nonspecifically to the Fc receptor of IgG and may be responsible for causing a hypersensitivity rxn

98
Q

Exfoliative toxin

A

This toxin is responsible for the skin lesions in Exudative epidermitis of young pigs by producing an epidermal necrolysis

99
Q

Fimbriae

A

This term refers to the hairlike projections on bacterial cell surfaces but especially applies to those that function in adhesion or attachment functions

100
Q

Facultatively anaerobic bacteria

A

This term dscribes bacteria that wil grow w/ or w/o oxygen in their growth medium

101
Q

Binary fission

A

This term refers to the method of repro of the genus strep

102
Q

M-protein

A

This virulence factor of some species of strep is probably responsible for the immne mediated rxns associated w/ strep infetions in humans and horses

103
Q

Bacteria

A

In classification, to which domain do the bacteria belong

104
Q

Iatrogenic infection

A

Term for an infection in an animal resulting from a vet using poor inoculation techniques while vaccinating an animal

105
Q

Genotype

A

This term describes the total genetic complement of the bacteria

106
Q

Lancefield antigens

A

These antigens of sterp are used to separate the genus into groups

107
Q

Papule

A

In dermatology, this term refers to small solid and usually conical elevations of the skin that do not contain pus

108
Q

Epidemic

A

Term referring to a level of disease that is above the usual level for an animal pop.

109
Q

Lymphadenopathy

A

This term means swollen or enlarged lymph nodes

110
Q

Morbidity

A

Term referring to the number of cases from a given disease in a given pop (time interval specified)

111
Q

Probiotics

A

Term for viable microbes given to humans and animals to augment the normal flora of the digestive tract

112
Q

Pustule

A

In dermatology this term refers to a small collection of pus in the epidermis or beneath it in the dermis

113
Q

Nosocomial infection

A

Term for an infection acquired by an animal during residence in a vet hospital

114
Q

Entner-Doudoroff pathway

A

The presence of this biochemical pathway may be inducted by apositive oxidative test for glucose in the O-F medium

115
Q

Porin

A

Protein structures in the cell wall of gram negative bacteria that serve for transportation of compounds thru the cell wall

116
Q

Alpha hemolysis

A

The hemolytic pattern of the genus strep characterize by partial hemolysis

117
Q

Psychotroph

A

In reference to classification by optimal growth temp, where would Listeria monocytogenes be placed?

118
Q

Limulus Amebocyte lysate

A

This is the name of the compound that is used by the pharmaceutical industry to test for the presence of endotoxin in pharmaceuticals

119
Q

Facultatively anaerobic bacteria

A

The classification of the strep in regards to requirements of atmospheric gases

120
Q

Alpha toxin

A

This toxin of staph intermedius produces a complete hemolysis on blood agar

121
Q

Idiopathic infection

A

Term for those infections which the diagnostician considered to be self originated or w/o known cause

122
Q

Plasmids

A

Small genetic elements taht can be transferred b/t bacterial cells thru conjugation

123
Q

Translation

A

Term used for the process of info transfer from RNA to produce proteins

124
Q

Integrons

Transposon

A

These 2 terms are neames of mobile genetic elements that serfve to move genes b/t replicons

125
Q

Catalase

Superoxide disumtase

A

These 2 enzymes produced by certain bactteria protect tehm from toxic oxygen containing compounds when oxygen is the terminal electron acceptor in energy metabolism

126
Q

Well demarcated edema

A

The lesions of purpura hemorrhagica are best characterized by?

127
Q

depth of the involvement into the skin

A

When setting up a management plan it is necessary to classify the pyoderma in the dog by the seriousness of the disease. The most useful means of classification seems to be one that is based on?

128
Q

Subclinical chronic infections

A

Most of the infections associated Strep agalactiae in dairy cattle would fall into this category?

129
Q

E

A

You are treating an idiopathic recurrent pyoderma in a dog. Which of the following statements are false for handling this situation?

a. Immunomodulators are often indicate in therapy
b. Culture procedures are essential in amangement of these cases
c. Long term antibiotics are often indicated in therapy
d. The use of corticosteroids is contrainindicated in these cases
e. None of the above statements are false

130
Q

Generalized deep pyoderma

A

This term furunculosis would be most proper in reference to what disease conditions in the dog?

131
Q

Ampicillin

A

You are going to treat a 3 month old foal w/ a confirmed case of strep septicemia by intramuscular injection. WHich would be the antimicrobial of choice?

132
Q

The use of corticosteroids is indicated in these cases

A

You are treating acute pyotraumatic dermatitis in a dog. What is true about this?

133
Q

Preventing phagocytosis by neutrophils

A

The M protein is major virulence factor of streptococcus equi subsp. equi. It aids the bacteria in disease the bacteria by?

134
Q

Antibiotics should not be given to the horse in any stage of the disease

A

What is Dr. Philip Johnson’s posistion on the use of antimicrobials in treatment of typical strangles in the horse?

135
Q

Strep equi subsp equi

A

This agent is considered to be the cause of Strangles in the horse

136
Q

Strep canis

A

This agent has been implicated as a cause of necrotizing fascilitis in dogs

137
Q

Strep agalactiae

A

In human medicine, this strep, a common cause of neonatal infections is commonly diagnosed as Group B Strep Infection

138
Q

Staph aureus

A

Principal cause of botryomycosis in the horse

139
Q

Strep pneumoniae

A

This agent has recently been associated w/ the condition Inflammatory Respiratory Disease in young training thoroughbreds

140
Q

Strepequi subsp zooepidmicus

A

This agent is considered to be one of the major causes of endometritis in the horse

141
Q

Strep suis

A

This swine pathogen causes serious human infections worldwide that often end in death

142
Q

Staph hyicus

A

This agent is the cause of greasy pig disease an exudative epidermitis of young pigs

143
Q

Staph aureus

A

This catalase positive bacterium is a common cause of mastitis in cattle

144
Q

Strep suis

A

This alpha hemolytic strep is a major cause of meningitis, pneumonia, and septicemia in young pigs

145
Q

Strep agalactiae

A

This streptococcal pathogen a common cause of mastitis in dairy cattle is considered to be an obligate intramammary parasite

146
Q

Strep agalactiae
Strep dysgalactiae subsp dysgalactiae
Strep uberis

A

These bacteria are the group known as the mastitis streps

147
Q

Staphy intermedius

Staph schieiferi

A

These 2 agents are teh bacteria often associated w/ chronic deep pyoderma in dogs

148
Q

Camp test

A

The ability of other bacteria to enhance the partial hemolytic zone produced by staph aureus is determined w/ this test

149
Q

KOH test

A

Test used to determine the gram reaction of a bacterial isolate

150
Q

Catalase test

A

The biochemical test used to separate strep from staph

151
Q

MacConkey Agar

A

This is a selective media

152
Q

VP test

A

Used to determine if a bacterial isolate produces acetoin

153
Q

Oxidase test

A

Major biochemical test used to separate the Gram negative bacteria into 2 major groups

154
Q

Indole test

A

A positive test indicates metabolism of tryptophan

155
Q

Replication

A

Term used to describe the transfer of info from DNA to DNA to form a new double stranded DNA in repro

156
Q

Transduction

A

The name for the process which refers to the transfer of genetic elements b/t bacteria via bacterial viruses

157
Q

Teichoic acid

A

This compound is a component of the cell wall of gram positive but not of gram negative bacteria

158
Q

L forms

A

Term for bacteria that are devoid of cell walls ( only have a cytoplasmic membrane) altho they are genetically capable of producing cell walls

159
Q

LPS

A

Synonym for endotoxin

160
Q

Psychophile

A

Term describing bacteria that love to grow at cold temps

161
Q

N acetylglucosamine

A

This biochemical compound is a integral component of peptidoglycan

162
Q

Superantigens

A

These antigens produced by some gram positive bacteria act as toxins by non specifically stimulating T cells to release cytokines

163
Q

Peptidoglycan

A

This compound is a structural component of the cell wall of both gram positive and gram negative bacteria

164
Q

Sepsis

A

A systemic inflammatory response resulting in a severe toxic febrile state due to infection w/ pyogenic bacteria, w/ or w/o an associated septicemia

165
Q

LPS

A

Keot- deoxyoctonic acid is an integral component of this biochemical compound

166
Q

Pentose phosphate shunt

A

This is one biochemical pathway certain obligatory aerobic bacteria use for oxidative metabolism of glucose to pyruvate

167
Q

Endotoxin

A

When a label on an injectable vial states that the contents are pyrogen free it means that the contents do not contain ?

168
Q

Glycocalyx

A

Another term used for the slime layers/capsules produced by bacteria

169
Q

C-reactive protein

A

This compound is classified as acute phase protein

170
Q

Siderophores

A

Theses enzymes aid pathogenic bacteria by chelating body iron so it is available for use by the bacteria

171
Q

Peptidoglycan

A

Murein is a synonym for this term

172
Q

L forms

A

Term for bacteria that are devoid of cell walls altho they are genetically capable of producing cell walls

173
Q

Dipicolonic acid

A

Compound found in the core of endospores that may be responsible for its environmental resistance

174
Q

Amoxicillin

A

You are going to treat a 3 month old horse w/ a confirmed case of strep. septicemia. What antibiotic do u use?

175
Q

Strep pyogenes

A

This strep, a group a strep, is associated w/ necrotizing fascitis in humans

176
Q

Oxidative fermentative media

A

Used to determine if a bacterial isolate can oxidize glucose

177
Q

MacConkey Agar

Triple Sugar Iron Agar

A

Two media that can be used to determine if a bacterial isolate can ferment lactose

178
Q

Idiopathic recurrent pyoderma

Acute pyotraumatic dermatitis

A

Which cases are corticosteroids indicated for?

179
Q

Apply hot packs to abscesses
Flush the draining abscesses

Isolate the horse

DO NOT treat w/ Penicillin G

A

How do you treat a horse w/ lymph node abscessation?

180
Q

Release of sequestered cells from storage sites

A

The increase in neutrophil numbers seen in inflammation during the first 24 hours is primarily due to?

181
Q

Move genes b/t plasmids

A

In bacterial genetics, the transposon is imporatnt because f its ability to?

182
Q

Pore forming toxin

A

This beta hemolysin of staph intermedius is an example of this type of exotoxin which break the permeability barrier of the mammalian cell

183
Q

AB toxin

A

This type of exotoxin consists of two parts, one part to bind to the target cell and one part responsible for its toxic activity

184
Q

Bacteriocin

A

Antibiotics that affect closely related bacteria, often of the same species

185
Q

Actin

A

This protein is part of the cytoskeleton of mammalian cells

186
Q

Strep pyogenes

A

This strep most commonly assocaited w/ sore throats in humans

187
Q

Neutrophilic

A

The primary cellular response seen in pyogenic inflammatory rxn is?

188
Q

Of iron starvvation to the bacterial metabolism

A

According to the article on SRP technology the immune response that is induced protects the animal because?

189
Q

Non protective

A

Ab in the animal produced against the Lancefield antigens would be considered?

190
Q

Immune complex disesase

A

The lesions of purpura hemorrhagica are thought to be caused by a?

191
Q

Furunculosis

A

From symptomatic, patholgoci and treatment perspectives, which of the following conditions of the dogs skin would be the most serious problem if the problem is assocaited w/ a bacterial infection

Bacteriology IP5 (12 decks)

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