export_bact test 5 non slide stuff Flashcards
Blastospores
The reproductive phase of yeast cells are called?
Spherules
This illustrates the tissue phase of one of the systemic fungi. What is this tissue phase called?
Arthrospores
This illustrates the reproductive stage of some fungi. These are called?
Cryptococcus neoformans
The use of india ink is a valuable tool in diagnosing infection with this fungal agent
Coccidioides immitis
In their natural habitat these pathogenic fungi are associated w/ rodent burrows in the Southwestern deserts
Deuteromycetes
This form class contains most of the fungi pathogenic to animals
Microsporum canis
Wood’s Lamp fluorescence is often helpful in detecting the presence of this dermatophyte
Coccidioides immitis
The spherule is the characteristic tissue form of this dimorphic fungal species
Blastomyces dermatitidis
Coccidioides immitis
Histoplasma capsulatum
These 3 dimorphic fungi cause systemic disseminated disease in dogs in the US
Malassezia pachydermatis
This monomorphic yeast is known to cause a greasy seborrhea w/ thickened skin
Sporothrix schenckii
This agent causes an ulcerative lymphangitis in horses
Cryptococcus neoformans
The natural habitat of this pathogen is often in urban centers because of its ability to utilize creatinine found in pigeon feces
Histoplasma capsulatum
Acute pneumonia is humans and dogs from this agent is frequently associated w/ infection acquired from contact in old bird roosts
Coccidioides immitis
Systemic disease w/ this dimorphic fungus is caharacterized by bone lesions at the epiphyseal junction
Histoplasma capsulatum
Most humans in MO have had mild infections w/ this dimorphic fungus and are sensitive to the antigens on the skin test
Cryptococcus neoformans
This yeast is noted for the lack of inflammatory response seen in infected tissue when it spreads systemically
Eukarya
The domain to which the fungi belong
Aspergillus sp.
This is the most common fungal species isolated from guttural pouch mycosis in the horse.
Pythium insidiosum
This agent is the cause of pythiosis in horses
Potassium Iodide
THis drug is probable drug of choric to treat a horse w/ sporotrichosis
Cycloheximide
THis drug is commonly added to the media used to grow microsporum canis to keep contaminating environmental fungi from growing
Amphotericin B
Ketoconazole
These 2 drugs from different families would be most useful in treatment of an acute pneumonia caused by Blastomyces dermatitidis in the dog
Griseofulvin
Itraconazole
These 2 drugs from different families would be most useful in treatment of a microsporum canis infection in a cat
Fluconazole
This drug would be probable drug of choice for treatment of a yeast caused meningitis in a cat
Granulomatous
The term that would describe the type of body response that is usual in fungal infections
Sporulation
Method of reproduction of all pathogenic fungal species
Ergosterol
This compound is in the cytoplasmic membrane of fungi but not in the cytoplasmic membrane of mammalian cells
Chitin
This compound is a structural component of the cell wall of fungi but not of bacteria
Ectothrix
Arthrospores are formed external to the hair shaft
Anthropophilic fungus
Humans are the maintaining host of these type of dermatophytes
Periodic-acid-Schiff stain
The best stain to visualize the fungal cell wall in histopathology
Geophilic fungus
Term used for fungi whose major source to the animal is the soil
Mycotoxicosis
An intoxication due to ingestion of toxic metabolites produced by the action of certain molds on some food products
Zoophilic fungus
Animals are the maintaining host of these types of dermatophytes
Uveitis
The term referring to inflammation of the eye
Dermatophytosis
The name given for a fungal infection of the animal skin w/ microsporum canis
Otitis
Inflammation of the ear
Lacto-phenol cotton blue
The best stain to visualize fungi from culture growth
Plasmalemma
Term used that refer to the cytoplasmic membrane of fungi
Eucaryotic cell
The cell structure type typical of the fungi
Dermatophyte Test medium
Veterinarians often use this type of media in their practices to grow the fungi that affect the keratinized layers of the animal skin.
Small budding yeasts
The life form of Histoplasma capsulatum in tissue can best be described as?
Bacteriocidal and Concentration dependent
Gentamicin in regards to use in the patient and action on the bacteria is?
Process of translation
Gentamicin, in regards to site of action in the bacteria affects?
Process of translation
Erythromycin in regards to site of action in the bacteria affects?
Obligate intracellular parasite
Histoplasma capsulatum in the animal body is?
Diffuse granulomatousrxn w/ few inflammatory cells
The tissue rxn seen in Cryptococcus meningitis of the cat can best be described as:
A disease of high danger to exposed individuals
You have diagnosed a dermatophyte infection in a cat. The client asks about the possibility of transfer of the infection to her or her children. You advised her that the ringworm in the cat, in regards to the possibility of transfer to humans is?
Is characterized by mononuclear type phagocytic cells
Fungi such as Coccidioides immitis produce granulomatous disease syndromes in the dog. The primary difference b/t this granulomatous response and other types of inflammatory responses seen w/ infectious agents is that the granulomatous response:
Administration of commercial bacterins
According to the required readings the most useful treatment for early cases of Pythium insidiosum infection in a horse would be?
25 C
You are taking a biopsy for culture of a suspected Histoplasma capsulatum infection in a dog. What is the recommended incubation temperature for this specimen?
Bacteriostatic and time dependent
Erythromycin, in regards to use in the patient and action on the bacteria is?
Bacteriocidal and time dependent
Amoxicillin in regards to use in the patient and action on the bacteria is?
Tell the family that the disease is probably not contagious to humans and recommend treatment if prognosis indicates treatment would be successful
A family dog has been diagnosed as having a Blastomyces dermatitidis pneumonia. Knowing the public health significance of this fungus you?
Gentamicin
Aminoglycosides
Chloramphenicol
Acetamides
Vancomycin
Glycopeptides
Enrofloxacin
Fluoroquinolones
Histoplasma capsulatum
Animal: 2 yr old boxer in MO
Symptoms: Animal chronically losing weight. Chronic cough present. Auscultation indicates pneumonia is present
Lab: Radiographs indicate a diffuse interstitial pattern and hilar lymphadenopathy typical of fungal caused pneumonia
Histopath: Intracellular yeast cells were observed
Aspergillus terreus
The usual cause of Canine Disseminated Aspergillosis
Aspergillus sp.
This genus of fungi is one of the genera commonly implicated in mycotoxicosis
Microsporum canis
Most common cause of dermatophytosis in the cat
Rhinosporidium seeberi
Coccidioides immitis
The spherule is the characteristic tissue form of these 2 fungal species
Ascomycetes
Most members of Deuteromycetes are placed in this class when their perfect state is delineated
Basidiomycetes
The toxic mushrooms belong to this class of fungi
Capsule
Melanin
These 2 compounds/ structures are largely responsible for the virulence of Cryptococcus neoformans
Ergosterol
This compound is in the plasmalemma but not in mammalian cell structures
Blastospores
The type of spores that are produced by Cryptococcus neoformans
Spherule
This type of structure that some fungi produce in tissue could best be described as a “sac of endospores”
Arthrospores
The term for the type of fungal spores that are produced by segmentation of the hyphae
Aseptate hyphae
The type of hyphae that are characteristic of the Zygomycetes
Yeast
This type of fungus could be described as a single celled organism that reproduces by budding
Tinea
Term used by physicians to refer to a fungal infection of keratin in specific body areas
Arthrospores
The type of spores that are produced by Coccidioides immitis in nature
Cycloheximide
This drug is commonly added to media used to grow pathogenic fungi to keep other contaminating fungi from growing
Ketoconazole
Amphotericin B
These 2 drugs from different families would be most useful in treatment of an acute pneumonia caused by Histoplasma capsulatum in the dog
Process of translation
Doxycycline, in regards to site of action in the bacteria, affects?
Bacteriostatic and time dependent
Doxycycline, in regards to use in the patien and action on the bacteria are?
Lymphangitis
The disease Sporotrichosis as seen in the horse is often symptomatically diagnosed as?
Bacteriocidal and time dependent
Cephalosporins in regards to use in the patient and action on the bacteria are?
Cell wall synthesis
Cephalosporins, in regards to site of action in the bacteria affects?
Administration of commercial bacterins
The most useful treatment for early cases of Pythium insidiosum infection in a horse would be?
Amphotericin B
This agent used to treat fungi is always given by IV injection in the dog and is almost always associated w/ serious side effects including nephrotoxicity and anemia
Sulfadiazine
This drug is associated w/ a condition called keratoconjunctivitis sicca in dogs
Enrofloxacin
This drug must be used w/ caution in young horses b/c of its propensity to cause potentially debilitating lesions in developing cartilage
Enrofloxacin
This agent must be used w/ caution in cats because use above 5 mg/kg can cause retinal degeneration
Tilmicosin
This macrolide drug used to treat cattle and swine is known for having significant toxicity on accidental injection in humans
Ketoconazole
This antifungal agent should not be used in cats because it may cause serious liver toxicity
Griseofulvin
This agent should not be used in pregnant queens b/c it may cause teratogenic effects.
Microsporum gypseum
This geopphilic fungus specifically affects the keratinized skin layers w/ subsequent disease development in the dog
Blastomyces dermatidis
Blindness in the dog due to acute uveitis is commonly associated w/ acute infections w/ this dimorphic fungus
Trichophyton equinum
This agent is a common cause of skin disease involving only the dermal layers in horses
Histoplasma capsulatum
This dimorphic fungi has a propensity to localize in the digestive tract after systemic spread
Cryptococcus neoformans
This yeast is noted for the lack of inflammatory response seen in infected tissue when it spreads systemically
Sporothrix schenckii
The term cigar body is used as a descriptive term for the tissue phase of this agent
Mucor sp.
Disease caused by this agent could properly be called zygomycosis
Aspergillus sp.
This genus of fungi is one of the genera commonly implicated in mycotoxicosis
Histoplasma capsulatum
You have aa client who loves to explore caves. He comments about a Missouri cave he is planning to explore that has a high bat pop. You would then warn him to be careful because of the possibility that he might get sick by coming in contact w/ a large number of spores from this fungus
Histoplasma Capsulatum
The term tuberculated macroconidia is always used in reference to this agent
Sabouraud’s Dextrose
The base media usually used to grow fungi
Macroconidia
The large spores that are produced by Microsporum canis that are so characteristic that they aid in species ID
Arthrospores
The type of spores that are produced by Coccidioides immitis in nature
Chitin
The periodic acid Schiff stain is useful for staining fungi because it reacts specifically w/ this compound in the fungal cell wall
Teleomorph
Sexxual repro state of fungi (perfect)
India ink
Used to visualize the capsules of yeast
Blastospores
Type of spores that are produced by Cryptococcus neoformans
Digestive tract lesions
According to reading “canine phycomycosis” the most common type of lesion associated w/ clinical disease in the dogs described in this report were?
Cryptococcus neoformans
All of the fungi listed below can be described as dimorphic fungi except?
Nasal granuloma
One of the usual manifestation of the disease cryptococcosis as seen in its usual animal host is symptomatically diagnosed as?
Chlortetracycline
This drug when given orally and even systemically to a orse will often suppress the normal flora and thus allow overgrowth of a Salmonella in the digestive tract resulting in an often fatal salmonellosis
Blastomyces dermatitidis
Blindness in the dog due to acute uveitis is commonly associated w/ acute infections w/ this dimorphic fungus
Gentamicin
Theis antibacterial drug and other members of its family have been associated w/ ototoxicity and nephrotoxicity
Chloramphenicol
Tis drug can cause a totally non treatable fatal aplastic anemia in humans
Griseofulvin
Itraconazole
These 2 drugs from different families would be most useful in treatment of a Microsporum canis infection in a cat
Amphotericin B
Ketoconazole
These 2 drugs from different families would be most useful in treatment of an acute pneumonia caused by Histoplasma capsulatum in the dog
Kidneys
The most important side effect of Amphotericin B is toxic effects involving the?
Aminoglycoside
Doxyccycline
Aminoglycoside
Neomycin
Carbapenems
This family along w/ penicillin and cephalosporins are the beta lactam families of drugs
Macrolide
Azithromycin
Glycopeptides
Vancomycin
Aminoglycosides
Gentamicin
Candida albicans
This yeast is isolated from the ear canal and skin infections in dogs
Septate hyphae
Hyphae w/ crosswalls
Mycetoma
A subQ granulomatousabscess that spreads to adjacent tissue, fascia, and bone
India ink
Used to visualize capsules of yeasts
