EXPE CHAPTER 8: SOLVING PROBLEMS CONTROLLING EXTRANEOUS VARIABLES Flashcards
aspects of the testing situation that need to be controlled: day of the week, experimental room, lighting.
PHYSICAL VARIABLES
completely removes extraneous physical variables from the experimental situation (e.g., soundproofing a room). Removal of extraneous physical variables prevents them from operating differently across different treatment conditions.
ELIMINATION
controls extraneous physical variables by keeping all aspects of the treatment conditions identical, except for the independent variable.
CONSTANCY OF CONDITIONS
controls extraneous physical variables by equally distributing their effects across treatment conditions.
BALANCING
aspects of the relationships between subjects and experimenters that can influence experimental results.
These include demand characteristics and experimenter bias.
SOCIAL VARIABLES
cues within the experimental situation that demand or elicit specific participant responses.
DEMAND CHARACTERISTICS
subjects are not told their treatment condition.
SINGLE-BLIND EXPERIMENT
when a subject receives an inert treatment and improves because of positive expectancies.
PLACEBO EFFECT
a false plausible explanation of the experimental procedures to disguise the research hypothesis from the subjects
cover story
any behavior by the experimenter that can confound the experiment.
EXPERIMENTER BIAS
the phenomenon in which experimenters treat subjects differently based on their expectations and their resulting actions influence subject performance.
ROSENTHAL EFFECT
control both demand characteristics and experimenter bias
DOUBLE-BLIND EXPERIMENTS
extraneous variables produced by experimental procedures created by the research setting environment, like assignment of participants to conditions.
CONTEXT VARIABLES
