EXPE Chapter 2: Research Ethics

Question 1

are a framework of values within which we conduct research.

Answer 1

Research ethics

Question 2

composed of laypeople and researchers, evaluate research proposals to make sure that they follow ethical standards

Answer 2

Institutional review boards (IRBs)

Question 3

every person is a person with the right to make their own decisions.

Answer 3

Respect for Persons (Principles of Research)

Question 4

obligation to minimize risk of harm and maximize possible benefits

Answer 4

Beneficence (Principles of Research)

Question 5

fairness in both the burdens and benefits of research

Answer 5

Justice (Principles of Research)

Question 6

psychologists take reasonable steps to avoid harming their clients/patients, students, supervisees, research participants, organizational clients and others with whom they work, and to minimize harm where it is foreseeable and unavoidable.

Answer 6

Standard 3.04: Avoiding Harm

Question 7

psychologists do not exploit persons over whom they have supervisory, evaluative or other authority such as clients/patients, students, supervisees, research participants and employees.

Answer 7

Standard 3.08: Exploitative Relationships

Question 8

When psychologists conduct research or provide assessment, therapy, counseling or consulting services in person or via electronic transmission or other forms of communication, they obtain the informed consent of the individual or individuals using language that is reasonably understandable to that person or persons except when conducting such activities without consent is mandated by law or governmental regulation or as otherwise provided in this Ethics Code.

Answer 8

Standard 3.10: Informed Consent (A)

Question 9

When psychological services are court ordered or otherwise mandated, psychologists inform the individual of the nature of the anticipated services, including whether the services are court ordered or mandated and any limits of confidentiality, before proceeding.

Answer 9

Standard 3.10: Informed Consent (C)

Question 9

For persons who are legally incapable of giving informed consent, psychologists nevertheless (1) provide an appropriate explanation, (2) seek the individual’s assent, (3) consider such persons’ preferences and best interests, and (4) obtain appropriate permission from a legally authorized person, if such substitute consent is permitted or required by law. When consent by a legally authorized person is not permitted or required by law, psychologists take reasonable steps to protect the individual’s rights and welfare.

Answer 9

Standard 3.10: Informed Consent (B)

Question 10

Psychologists appropriately document written or oral consent, permission, and assent.

Answer 10

Standard 3.10: Informed Consent (D)

Question 11

all sensate species that feel pain have equal rights

Answer 11

Animal rights (Protecting the Welfare of Animal Subjects)

Question 11

humane care of animals

Answer 11

Animal welfare (Protecting the Welfare of Animal Subjects)

Question 11

IRB for animals

Answer 11

Institutional Animal Care and Use Committee (IACUC)
(Protecting the Welfare of Animal Subjects)

Question 12

involves falsifying or fabricating data.

Answer 12

Scientific fraud

Question 12

process filters submitted manuscripts so that only 15-20% of articles are printed

Answer 12

peer review

Question 13

where researchers attempt to reproduce the findings of others, is the second line of defense

Answer 13

Replication

Question 14

is misrepresenting someone’s “ideas, words, or written work” as your own.

Answer 14

Plagiarism (fraud)

Question 14

by colleagues for scarce resources, while a cause of fraud, is the third line of defense

Answer 14

Competition

Question 15

ethical solution is to cite original publications when republishing data in a journal article or republishing journal articles in an edited volume

Answer 15

Ethical Reports