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Body Logistics - MIMI > Exocrine glands > Flashcards

Exocrine glands Flashcards

1
Q

Exocrine glands

A

duct

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2
Q

Name 3 exocrine glands

A

Parotid glands
submandibular gland
sublingual glands

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3
Q

What is the biggest exocrine organ

A

Liver

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4
Q

Where are the parotid glands found

A

Bilateral by the side of the mouth and in front of the ears

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5
Q

What percentage of all saliva reproduction does the parotid gland account for

A

40%

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6
Q

What does the parotid glands secrete

A

serous

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7
Q

What’s cells secrete the substance in parotid glands

A

Acini cells

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8
Q

Function of the parotid gland

A

Secrete serous that contains enzymes e.g. amylase

digest food and lubricates for swallowing

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9
Q

Describe the histology parotid gland

A

Striated ducts

simple columnar epithelium

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10
Q

Submandibular glands secrete

A

serous and mucous

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11
Q

Slavery can secretion is affected by neuronal stimulus is explain how is affected

A

Parasympathetic: produces a large volume of watery saliva rich in enzymes
sympathetic: produces a small thick secretion of saliva re-rich in mucus

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12
Q

The liver exocrine secretion

A

Constitutive: secretes bile

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13
Q

The liver endocrine secretion

A

Constitutive: albumin
regulated: IGF- 1

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14
Q

Hepatic blood supply- what is a portal system

A

Two capillary systems between hearts arterial supply and the hearts of venal supply

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15
Q

Where are the two areas the hepatic portal system capillaries branch

A

Stomach and intestine- nutrients and toxins absorbed

liver- nutrient and toxins leave

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16
Q

Where does the deoxygenated blood from the liver come from

A

Other organs such as stomach which is a portal system, so will first capillary branch at the stomach, then travel via the portal vein to the liver where they will secondary branch

17
Q

At the end of the hepatic triad blood collects into the central canal, where does the blood go then

A

Central canal to hepatic vein to vena cava

18
Q

Hepatic triad come together at the end of hepatic lobules also known as

A

acini

19
Q

Name the three components of the hepatic triad

A

Bile duct
portal vein
hepatic artery

20
Q

Describe the basement membrane in the sinusoid

A

Incomplete basement membrane, intracellular gaps

21
Q

Describe the structure of the liver lobule

A

Liver lobule hexagonal shape - six sides
central vein
hepatocyte do not form straight lines

22
Q

Describe the directions which the sinusoids and the bile duct moves fluids

A

Sinusoids needs fluid towards the central canal

Bartok meets fluids away from central canal

23
Q

Where are kupffer cells found

A

Sinusoids lumen

24
Q

What is the space of disse

A

Space between sinusoid and hepatocyte

25
Q

Which surfers due hepatic cells have microvilli on

A

These basoateral surface

Note hepatic cells have reversed apical and basal surface

26
Q

What is the tube called which transports bile to the bile duct

A

bile canaliculus

27
Q

Where do the bile canaliculus run in respect to hepatocytes

A

Above or below never through

28
Q

Kupffer cells

A

Specialist macrophage

the trap and phagocytosis any damage or age you refer sites that were missed by the spleen

29
Q

When the spleen is remove what role can the liver play and what cells and others to happen

A

kupffer cells intake over the removal of the hundred and 20 day old you refer sites

30
Q

What roles do stellate cells play in liver fibrosis

A

Hepatic stellate cells lose their vitamin a storage ability and differentiate into Myofibroblasts. These synthesise and deposit collagen leading to liver fibrosis

31
Q

Four functions of the liver

A

Storage
anabolism- production
catabolism- destruction
other functions

32
Q

Give some examples of liver storage functions

A

Iron
vitamin a B12 D and K (lipid soluble vitamins)
glycogen
copper

33
Q

Anabolism role of the liver

A

Makes more than 60% of bodies proteins
major plasma protein- albumin
enzymes
haemopoeisis in the foetus from week 5 to 32

34
Q

Catabolism role of the liver

A

Drugs
hormones
toxins

After spleen removed can remove red blood cells

35
Q

Give the exocrine and endocrine function of the liver

A

Bile production exocrine

endocrine
constitutive- albumin
regulated IGF-1

36
Q

How do you have pattern sites differ to other cells

A

Numerous mitochondria
lots of paroxisomes - organelles full of oxidising agents
numerous free ribosomes
a lot of rough endoplasmic reticulum and smooth endoplasmic reticulum
numerous golgi complexes
glycogen deposits

37
Q

Four different types of signalling

A

autocrine
Paracrine
intrcrine
endocrine

Body Logistics - MIMI (14 decks)

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