Bone

Question 1

Five types of bone

Answer 1

Long
short
flat
irregular
sesamoid

Question 2

Long bones

Answer 2

Longer than they are wide
fumur
function: to support the weight of the body and facilitate movement

Question 3

Short bones

Answer 3

Carpal wrist
tarsal ankle

Provide stability and some movement

Question 4

Flat bones

Answer 4

Flatten the frost parallel opposite edges
skull occipital

Protect internal organs
also provide large areas of attachments for muscles

Question 5

irRegular bones

Answer 5

Vertebrae

protect spinal cord

Question 6

sesamoid bones

Answer 6

Bones embedded in tendons
patella knee cap
function: protects tendons from stress and damage and repeated wear and tear

Question 7

Two types of bone

Answer 7

Compact cortical bone= made of osteons

spongy cancellous bone= made of trabeculae

Question 8

Two types of bone marrow

Answer 8

Red

yellow

Question 9

Red bone marrow

Answer 9

full of developing blood cells
rich blood supply
only found in spongy bone

Question 10

Function of red blood marrow

Answer 10

To replenish cells in the blood haemopoiesis

Question 11

Yellow marrow

Answer 11

Full of adipocytes

poor blood supply

Question 12

Yellow marrow function

Answer 12

Shock absorber an energy source can convert to red marrow

Question 13

Spongy cancellous bone

Answer 13

Made of trabecular a consisting of osteo sites embedded in irregular lamella of bone

Question 14

T cells need to be educated were

Answer 14

thymus

Question 15

Throwing capillaries is controlled by

Answer 15

Pre-capillary sphincters

Question 16

Function of pre-capillary sphincters

Answer 16

Control fluid exchange between the capillary and the body tissue takes place at the capillary bed
larger cells cannot pass through capillaries and bypass the capillary bed

Question 17

Three layers of vein

Answer 17

Tunica intima- endothelial cells
tunica media- elastic fibres in smooth muscle cells
tunica externa- elastic fibrous capsule

Question 18

Mains files are made of

Answer 18

Fibroelastic cartilaginous

Question 19

venules received blood from

Answer 19

Arterioles and capillaries

Question 20

Largest vein in body

Answer 20

Vena cava

Question 21

Four types of veins

Answer 21

pulmonary vein-carry oxygenated blood to the left atrium of the heart from the lungs
systemic-carry oxygen depleted blood from the body to the right atrium of the hearth
superficial- located close to the skin surface and easily visualised
deep-located much deeper in the body and surrounded by the dysuria and organs

Question 22

Compare veins and arteries

Answer 22

Arteries have two elastic membranes
arteries have smaller lumen
arterial walls are much thicker

Question 23

Artery- how structure fits function

Answer 23

Strength and elasticity needed to withstand the pulsing of the blood, prevent bursting and maintain pressure wave
helps to maintain high blood pressure, preventing blood flow backwards

Question 24

Capillaries- how structure fits function

Answer 24

No need for strong walls as most of the blood pressure has been lost
thin walls and narrow limbering blood into close contact with the body tissue amount effusion of the material across capillary and supporting tissues
white blood cells can squeeze between cells of the wall

Question 25

veins-how structure fits function

Answer 25

no need for strong wall, most of blood pressure has been lost
wide lumen offers less resistance to blood flow

Question 26

collateral blood vessels

Answer 26

provide alternative path for artrial bloodflow