Exercise 40 — Urinary System

Question 1

structural units responsible for filtering blood and forming urine

Answer 1

nephrons

Question 2

2 kinds of nephrons

Answer 2

cortical

juxtamedullary

Question 3

most numerous nephrons

Answer 3

cortical nephrons

Question 4

_______ nephrons are located in the renal cortex

Answer 4

cortical

Question 5

__________ nephrons have nephron loops which penetrate deeply into renal medulla

Answer 5

juxtamedullary

Question 6

3 processes of urine formation

Answer 6

filtration

reabsorption

secretion

Question 7

the role of the glomerulus which is a passive process

Answer 7

filtration

Question 8

during _____ ________, filtrate components move through tubule cells and return to blood

Answer 8

tubular reabsorption

Question 9

tubular reabsorption mainly depends on ______ transport processes

Answer 9

active

Question 10

most tubular reabsorption occurs in the…

Answer 10

proximal convoluted tubule

Question 11

reverse process of tubular reabsorption

Answer 11

tubular secretion

Question 12

the ______ arteriole feeds the glomerulus bed, and the _______ arteriole drains it

Answer 12

afferent

efferent

Question 13

the _________ capillary bed arises from the efferent arteriole

Answer 13

peritubular

Question 14

efferent arterioles that supply juxtaglomerular nephrons are called ____ _____ and are essential for concentrated urine formation

Answer 14

vasa recta

Question 15

every nephron has a ________ ____ located where the most distal portion of the ascending limb of the nephron loop touches the afferent arteriole

Answer 15

juxtaglomerular complex

Question 16

cells that form the juxtaglomerular complex

Answer 16

granular cells

macula densa

Question 17

function of juxtaglomerular complex

Answer 17

regulates rate of filtration and systemic blood pressure

Question 18

stores urine temporarily

Answer 18

urinary bladder

Question 19

bladder receives urine via the _______ and discharges it via the _______

Answer 19

ureter

urethra

Question 20

voiding the bladder

Answer 20

micturition

Question 21

sphincter composed of smooth muscle

sphincter composed of skeletal muscle

Answer 21

internal urethral sphincter

external urethral sphincter

Question 22

micturition occurs when the sphincters _____ and the detrusor _______

Answer 22

relax

contracts

Question 23

spinal cord reflex resulting from stretch receptors in bladder wall

Answer 23

micturition reflex

Question 24

Answer 24

Question 25

Answer 25

Question 26

Answer 26

Question 27

Answer 27

Question 28

Answer 28

Question 29

Answer 29