Exercise 27 — Pituitary Gland

Question 1

pituitary gland hormones are divided by those of the ________ lobe and those of the _______ lobe

Answer 1

anterior

posterior

Question 2

anterior pituitary gland hormones are divided into…

Answer 2

tropic hormones

not tropic hormones

Question 3

4 tropic hormones of anterior pituitary gland

Answer 3

thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH)

follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH)

luteinizing hormone (LH)

andrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH)

Question 4

2 non-tropic hormones of anterior pituitary gland

Answer 4

growth hormone (GH)

prolactin (PRL)

Question 5

TSH stimulus for release

Answer 5

thyrotropin-releasing hormone (TRH)

Question 6

FSH and LH stimulus for release

Answer 6

gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH)

Question 7

ACTH stimulus for release

Answer 7

corticotropin-releasing hormone (CRH)

Question 8

GH stimulus for release

Answer 8

growth hormone-releasing hormone (GHRH)

Question 9

PRL stimulus for release

Answer 9

decrease in amount of prolactin-inhibiting hormone (PIH)

Question 10

target of TSH

Answer 10

thyroid gland

Question 11

target of FSH

Answer 11

ovaries and testes

Question 12

target of LH

Answer 12

ovaries and testes

Question 13

target of ACTH

Answer 13

adrenal cortex

Question 14

target of GH

Answer 14

liver, muscle, bone and cartilage

Question 15

target of PRL

Answer 15

mammary glands in breasts

Question 16

effects of TSH

Answer 16

stimulates secretion of thyroid hormones

Question 17

effects of FSH

Answer 17

females: stimulates ovarian follicle maturation and estrogen production

males: stimulates sperm production

Question 18

effects of LH

Answer 18

females: triggers ovulation and stimulates ovarian production of estrogen & progesterone

males: stimulates testosterone production

Question 19

effects of ACTH

Answer 19

stimulates release of glucocorticoids (cortisol) and androgens

Question 20

effects of GH

Answer 20

stimulates body growth and protein synthesis

mobilizes fat

conserves glucose

Question 21

effects of PRL

Answer 21

stimulates lactation

Question 22

2 posterior pituitary gland hormones

Answer 22

oxytocin

antidiuretic hormone (ADH)

Question 23

posterior pituitary gland hormones are synthesized by the…

Answer 23

hypothalamus

Question 24

oxytocin stimulus for release

Answer 24

nerve impluses from hypothalamic neurons in response to cervical/uterine stretch or suckling of an infant

Question 25

ADH stimulus for release

Answer 25

nerve impulses from hypothalamic neurons in response to increased blood solute concentration or decreased blood volume

Question 26

target of oxytocin

Answer 26

uterus and mammary glands

Question 27

target of ADH

Answer 27

kidneys

Question 28

ADH =

Answer 28

antidiuretic hormone

Question 29

TSH =

Answer 29

thyroid-stimulating hormone

Question 30

FSH =

Answer 30

follicle-stimulating hormone

Question 31

LH =

Answer 31

luteinizing hormone

Question 32

ACTH =

Answer 32

adrenocorticotropic hormone

Question 33

GH =

Answer 33

growth hormone

Question 34

PRL =

Answer 34

prolactin

Question 35

connecting stalk between pituitary gland and hypothalamus

Answer 35

infundibulum

Question 36

body directly above anterior pituitary

Answer 36

optic chiasma

Question 37

hormones from the pituitary gland exit via…

Answer 37

venules on each lobe

Question 38

effects of oxytocin

Answer 38

stimulates powerful uterine contractions during birth

stimulates milk ejection in lactating mothers

Question 39

effects of ADH

Answer 39

stimulates kidneys to reabsorb more water, reducing urine output and conserving body water