Exercise 27 — Pituitary Gland Flashcards
pituitary gland hormones are divided by those of the ________ lobe and those of the _______ lobe
anterior
posterior
anterior pituitary gland hormones are divided into…
tropic hormones
not tropic hormones
4 tropic hormones of anterior pituitary gland
thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH)
follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH)
luteinizing hormone (LH)
andrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH)
2 non-tropic hormones of anterior pituitary gland
growth hormone (GH)
prolactin (PRL)
TSH stimulus for release
thyrotropin-releasing hormone (TRH)
FSH and LH stimulus for release
gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH)
ACTH stimulus for release
corticotropin-releasing hormone (CRH)
GH stimulus for release
growth hormone-releasing hormone (GHRH)
PRL stimulus for release
decrease in amount of prolactin-inhibiting hormone (PIH)
target of TSH
thyroid gland
target of FSH
ovaries and testes
target of LH
ovaries and testes
target of ACTH
adrenal cortex
target of GH
liver, muscle, bone and cartilage
target of PRL
mammary glands in breasts
effects of TSH
stimulates secretion of thyroid hormones
effects of FSH
females: stimulates ovarian follicle maturation and estrogen production
males: stimulates sperm production
effects of LH
females: triggers ovulation and stimulates ovarian production of estrogen & progesterone
males: stimulates testosterone production
effects of ACTH
stimulates release of glucocorticoids (cortisol) and androgens
effects of GH
stimulates body growth and protein synthesis
mobilizes fat
conserves glucose
effects of PRL
stimulates lactation
2 posterior pituitary gland hormones
oxytocin
antidiuretic hormone (ADH)
posterior pituitary gland hormones are synthesized by the…
hypothalamus
oxytocin stimulus for release
nerve impluses from hypothalamic neurons in response to cervical/uterine stretch or suckling of an infant
ADH stimulus for release
nerve impulses from hypothalamic neurons in response to increased blood solute concentration or decreased blood volume
target of oxytocin
uterus and mammary glands
target of ADH
kidneys
ADH =
antidiuretic hormone
TSH =
thyroid-stimulating hormone
FSH =
follicle-stimulating hormone
LH =
luteinizing hormone
ACTH =
adrenocorticotropic hormone
GH =
growth hormone
PRL =
prolactin
connecting stalk between pituitary gland and hypothalamus
infundibulum
body directly above anterior pituitary
optic chiasma
hormones from the pituitary gland exit via…
venules on each lobe
effects of oxytocin
stimulates powerful uterine contractions during birth
stimulates milk ejection in lactating mothers
effects of ADH
stimulates kidneys to reabsorb more water, reducing urine output and conserving body water
