Exercise 25 — Hearing

Question 1

Answer 1

Question 2

Answer 2

Question 3

Answer 3

Question 4

the external and middle ear structures serve ______, while the inner ear structures serve ______ and _______.

Answer 4

hearing

hearing and equilibrium

Question 5

inflammation of the middle ear

Answer 5

otitis media

Question 6

the inner ear is also referred to as the _______

Answer 6

labyrinth

Question 7

two divisions of labyrinth

Answer 7

bony labyrinth

membranous labyrinth

Question 8

the bony labyrinth is filled with ________

the membranous labyrinth is filled with _______

Answer 8

perilymph

endolymph

Question 9

the ________ and ________ ______ are involved with equilibrium

Answer 9

vestibule and semicircular canals

Question 10

function of auricle (pinna)

Answer 10

collects and directs sound waves into teh external acoustic meatus

Question 11

function of lobule

Answer 11

completes formation of auricle

Question 12

function of external acoustic meatus

Answer 12

transmits sound waves from auricle onto typanic membrane

Question 13

function of tympanic membrane

Answer 13

vibrates at same frequency of soundwaves hitting it and transmits vibrations to the auditory ossicles

Question 14

function of malleus

Answer 14

transmits and amplifies vibrations from tympanic membrane to incus

Question 15

function of incus

Answer 15

transmits and amplifies vibrations from malleus to stapes

Question 16

function of stapes

Answer 16

transmits and amplifies vibrations from incus to the oval window

Question 17

function of oval window

Answer 17

transmits vibrations from stapes to perilymph of scala vestibuli

Question 18

function of pharyngotympanic tube

Answer 18

equalizes pressure in middle ear cavity with external air pressure so the tympanic membrane can vibrate properly

Question 19

structure that contains receptors in cochlea

Answer 19

spiral organ (organ of corti)

Question 20

function of receptors in cochlea

Answer 20

hearing

Question 21

structure that houses receptors in vestibule

Answer 21

maculae

Question 22

function of maculae

Answer 22

static equilibrium and linear acceleration of head

Question 23

structure that contains receptors in semicircular canals

Answer 23

ampullae

Question 24

function of ampullae

Answer 24

rotational acceleration of head

Question 25

the _____ _____ divides the cochlea into upper and lower chambers

Answer 25

cochlear duct

Question 26

the ____ _______ begins at the oval window

Answer 26

scala vestibuli

Question 27

the ____ ______ ends at the round window

Answer 27

scala tympani

Question 28

the ____ _____ supports the spiral organ

Answer 28

scala media

Question 29

nerve of the cochlea

Answer 29

cochlear nerve

Question 30

stereocilia rest on the _____ _______, and the _____ _______ overlies them

Answer 30

basilar membrane

tectorial membrane

Question 31

roof of the cochlear duct

Answer 31

vestibular membrane

Question 32

________ deafness results from damage to neural structures anywhere from cochlear hair cells through neurons of auditory cortex

Answer 32

sensorineural deafness

Question 33

__________ is a type of sensorineural deafness that affects people in their sixties

Answer 33

presbycusis

Question 34

equilibrium receptors of internal ear are collectively called

Answer 34

vestibular apparatus

Question 35

monitoring rotational acceleration is called ______ ______ and is carried out by the…

Answer 35

dynamic equilibrium

semicircular canals

Question 36

at the base of each semicircular duct is the _______

within each, there is a receptor region called _____ _____

this consists of tufts of hair cells called _____ ______

Answer 36

ampulla

crista ampullaris

ampullary cupula

Question 37

monitoring of head acceleration in a straight line

Answer 37

static equilibrium

Question 38

hair cells in each macula have ______ and one _______ that are embedded in the ______ membrane

this membrane contains grains of calcium carbonate called ______

Answer 38

stereocilia

kinocilium

otolith membrane

otolith