Excretory System Flashcards
What is produced from the breakdown of proteins?
Urea
What is created from the breakdown reactions in the muscles?
Creatinine
What is the result of the deamination of amino acids?
Ammonia
By what transport process are most molecules secretes from the blood into the distal convoluted tubule?
Active transport
Why does the adrenal medulla have a striped appearance?
Loop of henle and collecting duct
The purpose of the loop of the nephron in the process of urine formation is?
Reabsorption if water
Filtration is associated with the?
Glomerular capsule (Bowmans capsule)
Name 4 things the kidney does
- Excretion of metabolic wastes
- Maintenance of water-salt balance
- Maintenance of acid-base balance
- Secretion of hormones
How is Uric acid formed?
Breakdown if nucleotides such as those containing adenine and thymine.
How is urea formed?
Breakdown of amino acids-proteins
The breakdown of amino acids by the liver releases ammonia- combined with carbon dioxide to produce urea
How is creatinine formed?
The breakdown if creatinine phosphate in muscles
How does the kidney maintain water salt balance?
Salts have the ability to cause osmosis into blood. More salt= higher blood volume and pressure
Aldosterone helps.
How does the kidney maintain acid/base balance?
Excretes H+ and reabsorbs HCO3- (bicarbonate ion) as needed (low pH)
In order, What are the structures of the nephron?
Bowman's capsule Proximal convoluted tubule Descending loop of henle Ascending loop of henle Distal convoluted tubule Collecting duct
Describe the pathway plasma proteins in the blood would take near the kidney
Aorta Renal artery Afferent arteriole Glomerulus Efferent arteriole Peritubular capillary bed Venous end Renal vein Inferior vena cava
