Biochemistry-Carbohydrates.

Question 1

What is a monosaccharide?

Answer 1

Single sugar.

Question 2

What is this?
   O  H  H H  H  H
    ||   |    |   |   |   |
H-C-C-C-C-C-C-H
    |    |   |   |    |   |
   H  H  H H  H  H

Answer 2

Chain of a monosaccharide. C6H12O6

Question 3

What are some characteristics of a monosaccharide chain?

Answer 3

C6H12O6

• > glucose
• > hexose
• > powder form

Question 4

What are some characteristics of monosaccharide rings?

Answer 4

• ribose
• galactose
• fructose
• glucose
• liquid form

Question 5

What is this?
                   H
                    |
              H -C-OH
                    |
            H    C---------O   H
              \  /   \              \ /
               C    H             C
              /  \  H        H   /
          OH   C --------C
                  /               \
                 OH            O
                                   H

Answer 5

Monosaccharide ring form

Question 6

What is an isomer?

Answer 6

Same formula but different arrangement.

Question 7

What is a disaccharide?

Answer 7

Double sugar.

Question 8

What is the reaction that creates a disaccharide from two monosaccharide?

Answer 8

Dehydration synthesis.

Water is released and a bond is formed between two monosaccharides through the oxygen.

Question 9

1. Glucose+ glucose=?
2. Glucose+Fructose=?
3. Glucose+Galactose=?

Answer 9

1. Maltose(beer)
2. Sucrose
3. Lactose (milk)

Question 10

What is a polysaccharide?

Answer 10

Many sugars joined together.

Question 11

What are three polysaccharides?

Answer 11

Cellulose (plants)
glycogen (liver)
starch/amylose (plant)

Question 12

What is a monomer?

Answer 12

Links of polymers.

ex. Glucose

Question 13

What is a polymer?

Answer 13

Chain of a polysaccharide. Joined by monomers.

ex. Cellulose

Question 14

What is the reaction that creates simple sugars from complex sugars?

Answer 14

Hydrolysis. Opposite of dehydration synthesis. Water is used to break a disaccharide into glucose.