Excretion Flashcards
What can to much and two little water result in
To much results in cell swelling and lysis ( breaking down of cells) to little results in cell shrinking and death
How do we gain water
Water produced in respiration
Water in diet
How do we loose water
Water evaporation during exhalation in lungs
Water evaporated in sweat
Excretion
What do we do with excess amino acids?
Deamination is the process of breaking down excess proteins in the liver it is quickly converted to ammonia, and then quickly converted to urea
What are the kidneys do?
Controls water potential of blood made up of thousands of filtering units called nephrons contains highly branched capillaries networks
What two processes happen in the kidney
Ultrafiltration
Selective reabsorption
What is ultrafiltration?
1 under high blood pressure, small molecules of forced out of blood vessel into the glomarulus
2 the small molecules only include glucose, urea ions and water are the molecules like red gloss cells and proteins are too large to pass through
3 the liquid formed in the glomarulus it’s called filtrate
What is selective reabsorption?
After ultrafiltration, kidneys, selectively, reabsorbed, glucose, amino acids, ions and water from the filtrate, but to the blood vessels
What is ADH?
Hormone released by pituitary glands in the brain, its function making kidney tubules more permeable to water, some more water being reabsorbed from tubules in the blood
What happens if there’s two little water in the blood?
Stimulus – lower water potential in blood.
Receptor – Osmo receptor detects water change.
Coordinator – pituitary gland in brain.
Efecto – pituitary gland releases more ADH.
Response – higher permeability of tubal to water. Some more water is reabsorbed back into blood more concentrated urine is produced.
What happens if there’s too much water in the blood
Stimulus high water potential in blood.
Receptor osmoreceptor
Coordinator pituitary glands in brain.
Affecter, pituitary glands, release less ADH.
Response lower permeability of tubal to water, so less water is reabsorbed back into blood less concentrated urine is produced more dilute
What are the advantages of a kidney transplant?
Prolong the life.
Give better quality of life.
Patient has more freedom.
Less restrictive diet.
Cheaper than dialysis.
Long-term solution.
What are the disadvantages of kidney transplant?
Rejection from body
Not enough donors.
Need to take drugs to help with side effects.
