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S2 Case 1 - IBD > Excipients for IR Tablets > Flashcards

Excipients for IR Tablets Flashcards

1
Q

What are the different immediate release tablets?

A

Disintegrating tablets
Chewable tablets

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2
Q

How are tablets produced?

A

Powder compcation

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3
Q

How are immediate release tablets defined?

A

75% of drug released before 45mins
BP

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4
Q

What is filler used for?

A

Increase tablet size
>50mg

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5
Q

What are common fillers?

A

Starch, lactose + microcrystalline cellulose

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6
Q

What is binder used for?

A

Adhesive to make tablets stick together
Increases compactability

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7
Q

What if too much binder?

A

Tablet too hard
= hinder disintegration + dissolution

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8
Q

What are common binders?

A

Lactose, microcrystalline cellulose + pregelantised starch

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9
Q

What is lubricant used for?

A

Reduce friction between tablet + die

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10
Q

What is anti-adherent used for?

A

Prevent powder adhesion to punches

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11
Q

What is glidant used for?

A

Reduce powder cohesion
Improve powder flowability
Improve mixing + content uniformity

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12
Q

What are common lubricants, anti-adherents + glidants?

A

Magnesium stearate, talc + colloidal silica

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13
Q

How does boundary lubrication work?

A

Coat particle surface
= slide past each other easily
(Sit at boundary between interface)
= reduce friction

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14
Q

What is the problem with lubricants?

A

Hydrophobic = excessive amounts impair wetting + dissolution

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15
Q

What does disintegrant do?

A

Break up tablet into smaller particles

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16
Q

Why does disintegrant increase specific SA?

A

Expose internal surfaces

17
Q

What is superdisintegrant?

A

High performing
More rapid

18
Q

What is effervescent disintegrant?

A

Fizzes in contact with H2O

19
Q

Why do we coat excipients?

A

Mask taste
Improve ease of swallowing
Reduce friability

20
Q

Why is friability bad?

A

Lose powder content during transport
= correct dose not given

21
Q

What is colouring added for?

A

Aid tablet identification

22
Q

What is flavouring added for?

A

Enhance taste

23
Q

When is flavouring added?

A

For tablets that are chewable + stay in mouth for a long time

24
Q

Can the same excipient exert different amounts?

A

YES when used at different amounts

25
Q

Can things like binder + disintegrant be used in same tablet even though they exert opposite functions?

A

YES
= they do different things at different times
eg. disintegrant only works when in contact with H2O

26
Q

Describe disintegration

A

1st step in tablet dissolution
Accelerated by disintegrants

27
Q

When is disintegration increased?

A

Higher dissolution rate

28
Q

Describe mechanism of swelling for disintegration

A

H2O uptake = forces tablet apart
Degree of swelling depends on particle size

29
Q

Why are their cross-links in polymers?

A

Make sure polymers swell BUT don’t break apart when uptake of H2O

30
Q

Describe mechanism of wicking for disintegration

A

Create hydrophilic conduits in tablet
= H2O drawn into tablet

31
Q

Describe mechanism of strain recovery for disintegration

A

Particles undergo elastic deformation in tablet formation + interlock
= H2O relaxes particles
= return to spherical shape

32
Q

Describe mechanism of heat of interaction for disintegration

A

Heat released when particles interact with H2O
= exothermic
= air trapped in tablet absorbs energy + expands

33
Q

Describe mechanism of interruption of bonding forces for disintegration

A

Bonds weaken in aq environment
= dissolution

34
Q

Describe mechanism of repulsion for disintegration

A

H2O uptake
= electrostatic repulsion between particles
= same charged particles repel

35
Q

What is an example of superdisintegrant?

A

Sodium starch glycolate
= cross-linked starch

36
Q

Describe how effervescent disintegrant work?

A

Carbonate + bicarbonate break down to CO2 + H2O in acidic conditions

S2 Case 1 - IBD (18 decks)

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