Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

S2 Case 1 - IBD > Aromatic Directing Effects > Flashcards

Aromatic Directing Effects Flashcards

1
Q

What is benzene?

A

Aromatic

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Why is benzene stable?

A

Delocalisation of e-

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

What is Huckel’s rule?

A

For a planar, cyclic compound to be aromatic it must contain uninterrupted p cloud
(4n + 2) p e-

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Nitration of benzene

A

Benzene HNO3 Nitro benzene
————->
H2SO4

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

What happens to the stability of alkyl carbocations as energy decreases?

A

Increases
= tertiary most stable

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

What are dipole moments?

A

Inductive effect

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

What are resonance effects?

A

Delocalisation of charge

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

What is electronegativity?

A

Measure of how “e- attracting” an element is

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

What is the most electronegative element?

A

Fluorine

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

What does the difference in electronegativity result in?

A

Polar bond

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

What is permanent electric moment?

A

Dipole moment

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

What happens to inductive effect as distance increases?

A

Decreases

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

What is -I?

A

Withdrawing e-

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

What is +I?

A

Pushing e-

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

What are the substituents for -I?

A

CN, NO2, halogens, OCH3, CF3

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

What are the substituents for +I?

A

Alkyl groups

17
Q

What are resonance effects a result of?

A

Conjugation of one L.P within π-system

18
Q

What are +R groups?

A

Donors

19
Q

What are -R groups?

A

Acceptors
= pull e- towards themselves

20
Q

What do methyl groups do to resonance effect?

A

Effect orientation of orbitals
= lose resonance effect
= CH3 prevent orbitals in planar

21
Q

What is hyperconjugation?

A

Mechanism of both e- release + withdrawal

22
Q

What hyperconjugation is known?

A

C-H + C-C

23
Q

Which hyperconjugation is more important?

A

C-C

24
Q

What do alkyl substituents do?

A

Donate e- density via +I + hyperconjugation

25
Q

When is it +I?

A

Alkyl
+ hyperconjugation effect

26
Q

When is it -I?

A

More electronegative

27
Q

When is it +R?

A

L.P e-

28
Q

When is it -R?

A

Accept pair of e-

29
Q

When is it ortho/para?

A

EDG

30
Q

When is it meta?

A

EWG

31
Q

What are the groups for +R?

A

Halogens, nitrogen, oxygen + sulphur

32
Q

What are the groups for -R?

A

CHO, COR, CO2R, COH3, NO2, CN, SO3H

33
Q

When is it a weaker acid?

A

EDG

34
Q

When is it a stronger acid?

A

EWG

35
Q

When is it not effective resonance?

A

p-orbitals don’t line up

36
Q

When is R dominant?

A

When sp/sp2 C

37
Q

What happens when there is a sp3 C?

A

NO R

38
Q

How can more -R groups be identified?

A

NMR shifts = gives clue
Meta position most e- rich

39
Q

What happens if you have two substituents?

A

They both have directing effects
BUT EDG will win
And added X will go ortho/para

S2 Case 1 - IBD (18 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions