Examples Of Respiratory Illness

Question 1

Brachycephalic syndrome

Answer 1

Refers to a series of deformities of short headed animals causing airway obstruction

Question 2

What does brachycephalic syndrome include

Answer 2

Stenotic nares
Elongated soft palate
Everted laryngeal saccules

Question 3

What breeds is brachycephalic syndrome common in?

Answer 3

Bulldogs
Pugs
Pekingese
Persian and Himalayan cats

Question 4

What can brachycephalic syndrome cause?

Answer 4

Increased susceptibility to infection and heat stroke

Question 5

How to treat brachycephalic

Answer 5

Surgery is available to correct deformities

Question 6

Other problems with brachycephalic

Answer 6

Airlines are reluctant to take them on

Anesthesia always a risk

Question 7

Epistaxis

Answer 7

Persistent nose bleeds may be due to clotting problems

Rat poison always a concern

Question 8

How can epistaxis be caused

Answer 8

Trauma 
Fungal 
Severe infection 
Cancer 
Clotting problems

Question 9

What diagnoses can be used for Epistaxis

Answer 9

May need blood work or CT imaging for nose

Question 10

Questions to ask when epistaxis

Answer 10

History?

Young: could be congenital /hereditary , trauma, access to poison

Question 11

Epistaxis treatment

Answer 11

Depends on cause

Question 12

Nasal foreign bodies indications

Answer 12

Violent sneezing
Pawing at nose
Unilateral discharge
Difficult to remove if foreign body gets deeper

Question 13

How to diagnose FB

Answer 13

Sedate to evaluate and examine

Question 14

What specialized tools are used to remove FB

Answer 14

Long graspers

Endoscope

Question 15

What could a fb result in

Answer 15

Infection/damage if left

Question 16

Rhinitis / Sinusitis

Answer 16

Inflammation of nose and sinuses

Question 17

When do we see rhinitis / sinusitis in cats ?

Answer 17

FVR virus ( feline viral rhinotracheitis)
Usually seen when it has viral/bacterial infection

Question 18

What does FVR stand for?

Answer 18

Feline Viral Rhinotracheitis

Question 19

When do you see rhinitis and sinusitis in dogs

Answer 19

Usually infection in young ( viral, bacterial, nasal mites)
Fungal possible
Fb
Tumors

Question 20

Symptoms of rhinitis and sinutitis

Answer 20

Sneezing
Congested
Nasal discharge

Question 21

Treatment of rhinitis and sinusitis

Answer 21

Depends on cause
Treat infection
Remove FB and tumor

Question 22

Choking / fb in larynx indications

Answer 22

Sudden onset of forceful coughing
Respiratory distress
Pawing at mouth
All indications

Question 23

What to tell client if fb in larynx

Answer 23

Need to talk to vet asap to have Heimlich maneuver explained
If animal collapses, pull out tongue and start sweeping mouth

Question 24

Laryngospasm / reverse sneezing

Answer 24

Common problem in dog, rare in cats
Snorting sound
Appears pet can’t breathe so it’s alarming to owners
Usually stops on its own

Question 25

Laryngospasm in cats

Answer 25

Usually due to attempts to place endotracheal tube | Larynx closes and cat can collapse

Question 26

What to do when laryngospasm occurs in cats

Answer 26

Need to deepen anesthetic May try anti inflammatory if swelling Tracheotomy if emergency

Question 27

Laryngeal paralysis

Answer 27

Mainly problem in large dogs where vocal cords block the opening of the trachea Obstructs airflow and causes roaring sound when dog breathes Requires surgery to fix

Question 28

Kennel cough syndrome

Answer 28

Group of highly contagious diseases in dogs that cause acute tracheobronchitis

Question 29

Kennel Cough Signs

Answer 29

May bring up white saliva Mucous Gagging Retching

Question 30

Causes of kennel cough

Answer 30

``` Herpes Parainfluenza Canine adenovirus 2 Bordetella Streptococcus Mycoplasma Influenza ```

Question 31

Chronic bronchitis

Answer 31

Chronic coughs last over two months due to bacterial infection of bronchi, aggravated my pollution, dryness , cigarette smoke, exertion

Question 32

What issues can cause chronic bronchitis

Answer 32

Allergies, irritant

Question 33

What can owners do if pet has chronic bronchitis

Answer 33

``` Remove cause if possible (not smoking) Cough suppressants Steroid anti - inflammatories Avoid excessive exertion Use harness or head collar in dogs , avoid tracheal pressure ```

Question 34

Feline Asthma

Answer 34

Disease of cat caused by hypersensitivity or environmental allergens More common in cats than dogs May be worsened by smoke, perfumes, irritants (candles)

Question 35

What can feline asthma be confused with ?

Answer 35

Hair ball | Hacking

Question 36

What is the number one reason for cat to cough

Answer 36

Feline asthma

Question 37

What can severe asthma do

Answer 37

Cause cyanosis and collapse | Can be life threatening

Question 38

Treatment of feline asthma

Answer 38

Steroids (anti inflammatory and immune suppressant) Bronchodilators Inhalors/medications

Question 39

Pneumonia

Answer 39

Inflammatory condition of lungs

Question 40

Pneumonia causes

Answer 40

Bacterial or viral infection Parasites Inhalation of stomach contents Chemical / smoke inhalation

Question 41

Pneumonia signs

Answer 41

``` Very sick Fever Coughing Breathing changes Lethargic Anorexic ```

Question 42

Pneumonia treatment

Answer 42

``` Fluids Treat infection Bronchodilators NSAIDs Coupage Vaporizer ```

Question 43

Influenza

Answer 43

``` Fairly new disease Same signs as kennel cough Rarely fatal Vaccine available Young dogs, old dogs, immunosuppressive dogs, pregnant dogs ```