Examination of the eye

Question 1

when diagnosing a dendritic corneal ulceration, the ideal stain to use is

Answer 1

rose bengal

Question 2

when on a setting of +20D the direct ophthalmoscope will allow the user to focus on which part of the eye?

Answer 2

cornea

Question 3

in distant direct ophthalmoscopy, what colour are opacities in the clear optic media?

Answer 3

black

Question 4

in indirect ophthalmoscopy, the strength of the lens is:

a. important in improving binocularity
b. directly correlated to the degree of magnification
c. not having any effect on the image seen
d. directly correlated to the field of view

Answer 4

directly correlated to the field of view

Question 5

what type of tonometer is the Tono-vet?

Answer 5

rebound

Question 6

which of the following is NOT a cause for an absent menace response in a sighted dog?

a. trigeminal function loss
b. cerebellar hypoplasia
c. stress response
d. facial paralysis

Answer 6

• trigeminal function loss

Question 7

following induction of mydriasis with atropine, which of the following responses is absent?

a. blink response
b. menace response
c. direct PLR
d. indirect PLR to the fellow eye

Answer 7

direct PLR

Question 8

what is the ideal light beam setting on the slit lamp for visualisation of flare?

Answer 8

high illumination, narrow slit

Question 9

what nerve comprises the afferent arm of the PLR response?

Answer 9

optic nerve

Question 10

what nerve comprises the efferent arm of the PLR response?

Answer 10

parasympathetic fibres of the oculomotor nerve

Question 11

what nerve comprises the afferent arm of the palpebral and corneal reflex?

Answer 11

trigeminal

Question 12

what nerves comprises the efferent arm of the palpebral and corneal reflex?

Answer 12

facial nerve

abducens nerve

Question 13

true or false: fluorescein is hydrophilic

Answer 13

true

Question 14

what test is used to assess if a full thickness corneal perforation is leaking aqueous humour?

Answer 14

seidel test

Question 15

at what age does the fundus have an adult appearance in the dog?

Answer 15

12-16 weeks

Question 16

give 4 possible causes of a reduce tapetal reflectivity (increased retinal thickness)

Answer 16

folding of retina
oedema
cellular infiltration
subretinal effusion

Question 17

what nerves innervate the centre of the upper lid?

Answer 17

supraorbital nerve, ophthalmic branch of trigeminal n

Question 18

what nerves innervate the lateral canthus?

Answer 18

lacrimal nerve, ophthalmic branch of trigeminal n

Question 19

what nerves innervate the centre of the lower lid?

Answer 19

zygomatic n, maxillary branch of trigeminal nerve

Question 20

what nerves innervate the medial canthus?

Answer 20

trochlear nerve, ophthalmic branch of trigeminal n

Question 21

what are the 5 phases of fluorescein angiography?

Answer 21

choroidal phase
arteriolar phase
arteriovenous phase
venous phase
late phase

Question 22

An intact Purkinje image on the cornea suggests

Answer 22

A healthy corneal surface and tear film