Examination Of Respiration Flashcards
What was crackles formly known as?
Rales
Describe Crackles.
Rattling, bubbling sounds which may be due to secretions in lungs
Typically heard during inspiration
Wet crackles is describe as?
Movement of fluid or secretions during inspiration
Dry crackles is described as?
Sudden opening and closed airways
Crackles during the latter half of inspiration typically is indicative of what pathologies?
- Atelectasis
- Fibrosis
- Pulmonary edema
- Plural effusion
Where are crackles typically heard?
Base of the lungs
Describe pleural friction rub
Dry, crackling sound heard during inspiration and epieariton
When does pleural friction rub occur?
When inflamed visceral and parietal pleural rub together
Where is the pleural rub typically heard?
Over the spot where the patient feels pleuritic pain
Describe rhonchi sounds
Continuous low-pitched sounds, “snoring” or “gurgling” quality
Heard on inspiration and expiration
What is rhonchi caused by?
Caused by air passing through a airway which is obstructed by inflammatory secretion or liquid, bronchial spasm or neoplasms in the small (sibilant) or larger airways (sonorous rhonchi)
Describe a stridor sound.
Continuous high-pitched wheeze heard with inspiration or expiration
What does a stridor indicate?
An upper airway obstruction
What does wheezing arise from?
Turbulent airflow and the vibrations of the walls of small airways due to narrowing by bronchospasm, edema, collapse, secretions, neoplasm or foreign bodies
what pathology may produce bronchial breath sounds?
Pneumonia
What do deceased or finished sounds indicate?
- Severe congestion
- Emphysema
- Hypoventilation
what do absent breath sounds indicate?
Pneumothorax or lung collapse
Describe typical voice sounds in a health person.
Spoken word = muffled
Whispered words = faint
Syllables - not distinct (unless over main bronchi)
Loudness and distinctness of voice sounds indicates what?
Indicates consolidation, atelectasis or fibrosis which improve transmission of vibrations through lung tissue
Increased vocal resonance with greater clarity and loudness of spoken words is known as?
Bronchophony
Say “99”
A form of bronchophony in which the spoken long “E” sound changes to a long, nasal- sounding “A”
Egophony
Recognition of whispered words “1,2,3” is known as ?
Whispered pectoriloquy
