Exam Two

Question 1

uncharged groups of atoms connected to one another by COVALENT BONDS are called:

Answer 1

molecules

Question 2

correct name for HF?

Answer 2

hydrogen fluoride

Question 3

how do ionic compounds form?

Answer 3

• form when cations and anions interact creating IONIC BONDS
• metal + nonmetal
• name ending with “ide”

Question 4

transition metal naming

Answer 4

uses roman numerals to indicate the CHARGE

Question 5

covalent bonds

Answer 5

• sharing of VALENCE ELECTRONS between two atoms; creation of single, double, or triple pairs

Question 6

what is electronegativity?

Answer 6

defined as the ability of an atom to attract bonding electrons

Question 7

electronegativity scale?

Answer 7

nonpolar covalent:
less than 0.5
polar covalent:
0.5 - 1.9
ionic:
greater than 1.9

Question 8

types of molecular shapes

Answer 8

• tetrahedral (methane)
• pyramidal (ammonia)
• bent (water)
• linear (carbon dioxide)

Question 9

hydrogen bonding

Answer 9

interaction of an electronegative atom with an H atom that is covalently attached to another electroneg. atom

Question 10

dipole-dipole bonding

Answer 10

attraction of neighboring polar groups to one another

Question 11

london forces

Answer 11

nonpolar molecules or nonpolar portions of a molecule that are “attracted” to one another
- greater the contact of such areas, the stronger the forces

Question 12

hydrocarbon groups

Answer 12

• single bond (alkane)
• double bonds (alkene)
• triple bonds (alkyne)
• aromatic compounds (rings)

Question 13

what are our functional groups?

Answer 13

• alcohols (C-O-H)
• phenols (OH-benzene)
• ethers (C-O-C)
• ester (O=C-O-C)
• amines (C-N)
• amides (O=C-N)
• ketones (C=O-C-C)
• aldehydes (C=O=H)
• carboxylic acid (C=O=OH)