Exam Three Flashcards
1
Q
numbering prefixes for naming
A
- meth 1
- eth 2
- prop 3
- but 4
- pent 5
- hex 6
- hept 7
- oct 8
- non 9
- dec 10
2
Q
alkyl groups
A
- always attached to the parent chain
numbered from end NEAREST to the FIRST ALKYL GROUP - have the ending of “yl”
- put prefix if there’s more than one attached to different carbon
(methyl, ethyl, propyl, isopropyl, butyl
3
Q
constitutional isomers
A
- have the same formula but different atomic connections
4
Q
geometric isomers
A
- ALKENES can exist as geometric isomers
- cis: same side
- trans: different sides
5
Q
naming carboxylic acids
A
- have that -OH group
- “oic” acid ending
6
Q
preparation of esters
A
- turns into a carboxylic ion and an alcohol
- example of HYDROLYSIS
7
Q
heterocyclic amines
A
- contain at least 1 N in the ring
8
Q
amides
A
- produced from the reaction of a carboxylic acid with an amine
- process of HYDROLYSIS
9
Q
classification of alcohols
A
classified according to the # of C attached to the C directly attached to the OH
10
Q
aldehydes & ketones
A
- ketones (O=C-C-C) “al”
- aldehydes (O=C-H) “one”
- named and numbered from end nearest to CARBONYL GROUP
11
Q
primary alcohols
A
- OXIDIZE into ALDEHYDES - then turns into CARBOXYLIC ACIDS
12
Q
secondary alcohols
A
OXIDIZE INTO KETONES
13
Q
benedict’s reagent
A
- produces a color change
- contains Cu2+
- helps oxidize aldehyde selectively
14
Q
catalytic hydrogenation
A
- helps reduce the carbonyl group of aldehydes and ketones (C=O)
- where hydrogen gas can be added to a double bond in the presence of platinum (Pt)
15
Q
types of chemical reactions
A
SYNTHESIS: A+B = C
DECOMPOSITION: AB = A + B
SINGLE REPLACEMENT: A+BC = AC + B
DOUBLE REPLACEMENT: AB+CD = AD+CB
