Chapter 3 Lecture Flashcards
How are ions formed?
ions are formed from the process of losing and gaining electrons; contain unequal #’s of protons and electrons
What are mono-atomic ions?
Ions that form from a single atom
What are positively charged ions?
cations
How do we name transition metals?
Transition metals utilize a roman numeral in parentheses to indicate the charge
What are negatively charged ions?
anions
WHat are polyatomic ions?
ions that are formed from two or more atoms
What is the octet rule?
the octet rule is basically when atoms gain, lose, or share valence electrons in order to end up with 8 valence electrons
Why do atoms utilize the octet rule?
all atoms want to reach a base of stability with their electron configuration like the noble gases in Group 8A
How do nonmetal atoms typically use the octet rule?
nonmetal atoms typically GAIN electrons to reach an octet
How do metal atoms typically use the octet rule?
Metal atoms typically LOSE their valence electrons to reach an octet
What are pure substances?
contain only one kind of element or compound
What are compounds?
compounds are matter made of two or more elements
What are the two types of compounds?
- ionic
- covalent
What is so special about Group 8A?
Group 8A is the inert noble gases basically meaning they are resistant to change - DOES NOT LOSE OR GAIN ELECTRONS
What are mixtures?
combination of two or more pure substances
