Exam Three: Psychostimulants Flashcards

1
Q

What are some common psychostimulants?

A

Cocaine
Methamphetamine
Adderall
Nicotine
Caffeine

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2
Q

What does it mean for a drug to be sympathomimetic?

A

The drug will mimic the effects of the sympathetic nervous system.

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3
Q

How are psychostimulants generally used?

A

Used therapeutically and also used as a stimulant

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4
Q

What is Cocaine?

A

It is an active ingredient from the leaves of the E.coca plant

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5
Q

What is the active metabolite of Methamphetamine?

A

Amphetamine

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6
Q

What is the active metabolite for Cocaine?

A

Ben-zoylec-gonine

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7
Q

What is the metabolite for Cocaine and Alcohol?

A

Cocaethylene

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8
Q

How are psychostimulants primarily eliminated?

A

Primarily through the urine

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9
Q

What are the half-lives of:
Amphetamine
Methamphetamine
Cocaine
Cathinone
Methylphenidate

A

10 hours
11 hours
1 hour
1.5 hour
2 hours

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10
Q

What are some physiological effects of psychostimulants

A

Sympathomimetic so it will increase heart rate, relax airways, dilate pupils, constricts blood vessels

Hypothermia

Appetite suppressant

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11
Q

What are some behavioral effects of psychostimulants in low doses? High Doses?

A

Low Doses - lead to goal-directed behavior

High doses - increased of non-goal-directed and purposeful behaviors; May lead to Punding

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12
Q

What is Punding?

A

Repetitive and non-goal0-oriented activity or repetitive pointless motor behaviors

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13
Q

At low doses, what are the subjective effects of psychostimulants?

A

Increased energy, alertness, well being, and enthusiasm

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14
Q

At high doses and through a rapid absorption route, what are the subjective effects of psychostimulants?

A

A Rush/high and euphoria

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15
Q

List some of the adverse effects of a person using psychostimulants?

A

Tooth Decay
Infection
Seizures
Cardiovascular and pulmonary dysfunction

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16
Q

Agitation, Paranoia, suspiciousness, and hallucinations describe what type of adverse effects when using psychostimulants?

A

Psychostimulant-induced psychosis

17
Q

What is Formication?

A

Tactile Hallucination

18
Q

What does withdraws look like for psychostimulants?

A

Hunger, Fatigue, Depression

19
Q

What types of tolerance will you be able to see in psychostimulants?

A

Cross, Acute, and PD

20
Q

What is acute tolerance explaining?

A

The second dose someone takes will not cause a large of an effect as their first dose did

21
Q

An altered sensitivity of the dopamine D2 receptor explains what type of tolerance? When will you usually see this tyoe of tolerance?

A

PD

Typically after continuous dosing

22
Q

Sensitization will happen after _____

A

intermittent dosing

23
Q

Euphoria is related to ______ as a seizure is related to ______

A

Tolerance

Sensitization

24
Q

If a psychostimulant is used therapeutically , what may it be used to treat ?

A

ADHD, Obesity, and narcolepsy