Exam Review Flashcards
Confrontation Visual Field Test:
During this test, the healthcare provider or technician sits at eye level in front of the patient. Each eye is tested separately as the other eye is covered.
The tester holds up, one, two, or three fingers in one of four parts of the visual field. The patient focuses on one of the tester’s eyes and tries to determine how many fingers are being held up.
Static Automated Perimetry:
During this test, the patient looks directly at a central point with a dome. A machine presents flashing lights of different sizes and brightness in different parts of the visual field. The machine gradually increases the size or brightness of the lights. The patient pushes a button when the lights become visible.
Kinetic Perimetry:
During this test, the patient looks at a central point. A light is presented in the peripheral vision and is moved toward the central point. The patient pushes a button when the light becomes visible.
Frequency Doubling Perimetry:
During this test, a compact machine presents flickering images in varying intensities. The patient presses a button when the images can be seen. This type of machine is also used to test for glaucoma.
Amsler Grid:
During this test, the patient focuses on the dot with one eye at a time. If parts of the grid appear distorted, blurry, dark, or blank, it can indicate a visual filed deficit. The Amsler grid is often used to test for macular degeneration.
Intragroup
-group formation
-group membership and identity
-group cohesion
-group performance
Intergroup
-intergroup conflict
-subordinate identities
-interdependence
Seasonal Affective Disorder
a form of depression most often associated with fewer hours of daylight in the far northern and southern latitudes from late fall to early spring
Cyclothymic Disorder
a disorder that causes emotional ups and downs that are less extreme than bipolar disorder
Premenstrual Dysphoric Disorder
mood changes and irritability that occur during the premenstrual phase of a women’s cycle and go away with the onset of menses
Disruptive Mood Dysregualtion Disorder
a disorder of chronic, severe and persistent irritability in children that often includes frequent temper outbursts that are inconsistent with the child’s developmental age
Persistent Depressive Disorder
a long-term chronic form of depression
Depression Related to Medical Illness
a persistent depressed mood and a significant loss of pleasure in most or all activities that’s directly related to the physical effects of another medical condition
Depression Induced by Substance Use or Medicine
depression symptoms that develop during or soon after substance use or withdrawal or after exposure to a medication
Schedules:
there are different sets of rules that dictate this frequency, and whichever set of rules is chosen is called the schedule of reinforcement
Experimental Method:
manipulating one variable to determine if this causes changes in another variable
Independent Variable:
a variable whose variation does not depend on that of another
Dependent Variable:
a variable whose value depends on that of another
Control Group:
the group in an experiment or study that does not receive treatment by the researchers and is then used as a benchmark to measure how the other tested subjects do
Experimental Group:
an experiment that receives the variable being tested
Trial and Error
Trying a number of different solutions and ruling out those that do not work.
Algorithms
a methodical, step-by-step procedure for trying all possible alternatives in searching for a solution to a problem
Heuristics
a guiding principle or “rule of thumb” used in solving problems or making decisions.
Ex: forming subgoals, working backward
Assumptions
when dealing with a problem, people often make assumptions about the constraints and obstacles that prevent certain solutions
Functional Fixedness
seeing a screwdriver as only a screwdriver, which in reality you could use it to get into small crevices
Irrelevant or Misleading Information
to distinguish information that is relevant to the issue and irrelevant data that can lead to faulty solutions
Mental Set
to only use solutions that have worked in the past rather than looking for alternative ideas
What is a neuron?
they receive and transmit signals/information to different parts of the body
Parts of the Neuron: Dendrites
send information and receives information
Parts of the Neuron: Terminals
receives information
Parts of the Neuron: Neurotransmitters
chemical “messengers”
Parts of the Neuron: Synapses
a gap between the neurons, stimulated by electrical activity
when neurons send impulses, ITS ALL OR NOTHING
Stereotypes
defined as false classificatory concept to which as a rule a strong emotional feeling tone of likes or dislikes
Stereotypes form because…
social learning and social perception, group norms and reference groups
