Exam Prep - Dan Flashcards
What are the ABCS
A = alignment
B = bone
C = cartilage
S = soft tissue
How to differentiate between growth centres & bony fractures
Growth plate can’t be seen on X-ray, only seen on MRI
What is George’s line
Normal = a straight line along posterior body border
A break in the line would suggest a dislocated facet
What is Shenton’s line
Normal = a smooth cure from femoral neck to superior pubic ramus
An interruption in the line could suggest dislocation of the hip
What is Kleins line
Normal = a straight line across the femoral neck with some overlap of the femoral head
No overlap of the femoral head could suggest a slipped femoral capital epiphysis
What would you look for in a radiographic image quality assessment
- contrast
- artefacts
- resolution
- collimation
What are the uses for MRI
- Visualisation of anatomical structures
- Visualisation of intracapsular structures
- Diagnosis of diseases & injuries
- Detect tumours & cancer
- Visualise soft tissue injuries
What are the benefits of MRI
- Can scan body in multiple planes to gain anatomical info in almost any orientation
- Less radiation
- Allows detail deep in the body to be assessed
What are the 2 types of MRI image
T1 - fat image (fat = hyper-intense/bright & water = hypo-intense/dark)
T2 - water image (water = hyper-intense/bright)
What are the risks of MRI
- Claustrophobia
- Magnetism - location & strength of magnet
What is ultra sound used for
- Can be used as a therapy (probe, ultrasound therapy machine, utilises the side effects for therapy)
- Can be used as diagnostic (probe, probe has senses reflecting sound waves and presents data on a screen)
What are the benefits of using ultra sound
- NO ionising radiation
What are the clinical risks of ultrasound
- Irritation
- Heat
- Mechanical stress (vibration)
