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KCUMB Anatomy - Erin > EXAM III The Shoulder > Flashcards

EXAM III The Shoulder Flashcards

1
Q

What are the muscles of the shoulder? (6)

A

Deltoid

Teres major & minor

Supraspinatous

Infraspinatous

Subscapularis

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2
Q

Name the 6 joints of the upper limb

A

Acromioclavicular

Glenohumeral (shoulder)

Elbow

Proximal & Distal Radioulnar

Sternoclavicular

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3
Q

Axioappendicular and Scaulohumeral are muscle groups that are considered as….?

A

Shoulder muscles

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4
Q

Define bursa and explain their importance

A

Thin, lubricated cushions (fluid-filled cavities) located at points of friction between a bone and the surrounding soft tissue

i.e. skin, muscles, ligaments, tendons

Facilitate movement and reduce friction b/w moving parts

Sometimes they develop as a result of frequence friction later in life

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5
Q

What causes impringement syndrome? What is compromised?

A

Shoulder Impingement

Tendonitis - supraspinatus tendon

Bursitis - subacromial

Shoulder abduction and adduction is compromised

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6
Q

What two muscles does the axillary nerve innervate?

A

Teres minor

Deltoid

(axillary via posterior cord of brachial plexus)

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7
Q

What two muscles does the lower subscapular nerve innervate?

A

Teres major

Subscapularis (innervated by both upper and lower subscapular nerve)

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8
Q

What two muscles does the suprascapular nerve innervate?

A

Supraspinatus

Infraspinatus

Dorsal side

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9
Q

What nerve innervates the subscapularis muscle?

A

Upper and Lower subscapular N. from the posterior cord of the brachial plexus

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10
Q

What are the actions of the deltoid muscle?

A

Medially and laterally rotate humerus

Abduct, extend, and flex humerus

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11
Q

What are the rotator cuff muscles?

A

SITS muscles - all have insertions along tubercle of humerus

Teres minor

Infraspinatus

Supraspinatus

Subscapularis

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12
Q

What are the actions of the teres major muscle?

A

Adducts and Medially rotates humerus

inserts on bicipital groove (diff. from teres minor)

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13
Q

What are the actions of the supraspinatus muscle? What nerve is it innervated by?

A

Abducts humerus at glenohumeral joint assisting the deltoid

Helps with stabilizing shoulder joint

Suprascapular Nerve from the anterior/lateral cord

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14
Q

What are the actions of the subscapularis muscle? What nerve innervates it?

A

Adduction and medial rotation of humerus

Lower and Upper Subscapular N. from the posterior cord of brachial plexus

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15
Q

Which muscle of the rotator cuff muscles is the largest and strongest? If injured, what tendon is affected?

A

Subscapularis

Biceps tendon = biceps tendonitis

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16
Q

What are the actions of the infraspinatus and what nerve innervates it?

A

Lateral rotation of humerus

Stabilizes humerus

Suprascapular N. from the lateral cord of the brachial plexus

17
Q

What are the actions of the teres minor and what nerve innervates it?

A

Laterally rotates humerus

Stabilizes humeral head

Axillary N. via posterior cord of the brachial plexus

18
Q

How does a rotator cuff injury arise?

A

> 90 degree angle of humerus that creates a compression point for the tendon of supraspinatous

19
Q

What are the 2 arteries that have tributaries that provide blood to the pectoral, shoulder, and axillary regions?

A

Axillary artery

Subclavian artery

20
Q

What muscles of the shoulder are involved in medial rotation of the humerus? (3)

A

Deltoid

Subscapularis

Teres major (bicipital groove insertion)

21
Q

Which muscles of the shoulder laterally rotate the humerus? (4)

A

Deltoid

Teres minor

Infraspinatous

Subscapularis

22
Q

Which muscles of the shoulder region stabilize the humeral head? (3)

A

Infraspinatous

Subscapularis

Teres minor

23
Q

Which muscles abduct the humerus? (2)

A

Deltoid

Supraspinatous

24
Q

Which muscles adduct the humerus? (2)

A

Subscapularis

Teres major (medial rotation, adduct humerus)

25
Q
A
26
Q
A
27
Q
A
28
Q

What are the 5 anastomosing arterial branches that arise from the subclavian and axillary artery that supply the scapula?

A

CDPTS - Cat Daddy Plays Tremendous Songs

Circumflex A. - via subscapular via axillary

Dorsal Scapular A. - via deep branch of transverse cervical via subclavian

Posterior Intercostal A. - via thoracic aorta

Thoracodorsal A. - via subscapular via axillary

Suprascapular A. - via subclavian

29
Q

What nerve and artery passes through the quadrangular space?

A

Axillary nerve

Circumflex humeral artery

30
Q

What artery passes through the triangular space?

A

Circumflex Scapular Artery

31
Q

What artery and nerve passes through the triangular interval?

A

Deep brachial artery

Radial nerve

KCUMB Anatomy - Erin (11 decks)

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