Exam 7 - Invertebrates Flashcards
Define bilateral Symmetry and give examples
A divisible bodily symmetry that yields only 2 mirror images when split down a central plane
bi = two, lateral = to the side
Ex: more complex organisms like humans, dogs, cats, birds, worms, etc.
Define radial Symmetry and give examples
A bodily symmetry that when divided can produce many mirror images do its circular form
radial = circular
Ex: less complex organisms like jellyfish, sponges, starfish, sea anemone, sea urchin
What are invertebrates?
Animals that lack a backbone or notochord
What are endotherms and give some examples
warm-blooded animals that can maintain their internal body temperature on their own; not dependent upon their enviornment
(Endo = inside, within) therm = temperature
Mammals and Birds: Humans, dogs, whales, eagles, owls, chickens
What are ectotherms and give some examples
cold-blooded animals that rely upon their enviornment for their internal body temperature; cannot self-regulate body temperature
ecto - outside/external, therm - temperature
Reptiles, amphibians, fish, invertebrates = sharks, frogs, clownfish, lizard, snake, alligator, mollusks, arthropods
What is the phylum name for sponges?
Porifera
What is the phylum name for jellyfish, sea anemone, corals?
Cnidarians
What is the phylum name for segemented worms like earthworms?
Annelida
What is the phylum name for sea stars, sea urchins, sea cucumbers?
Echinoderms
What is the phylum name for octupi, clams, nautilus, snails, etc.?
Mollusca (mollusks)
What are gastropods?
mollusks like snails, slugs, crawl on their stomach
Gastro - stomach , pod - foot
what are cephalopods?
mollusks like octopus and squids that have their feet attached to their head
cephalo - head, pod - foot
What are bivalves
Mollusks that have a two-pieced, hinged shell such as clams, oysters, and scallops.
bi - two, valve - folding door
What is an exoskeleton?
A hard, external skeleton found in mollusks and arthropods typically made of a material called “Chitin”
exo - outside,
What phylum are insects, crustaceans, spiders, scorpions, etc.?
Arthropods
Arthro - joint, pod - foot.
Remember, key characteristic of arthropods is jointed appendages
How do octopi protect themselves?
F
They hide in cracks, camouflage, and color changing.
Chromatophores - pigment cells for camouflaging
F
What are chromataphores?
Cells containing pigment, specially one that produces temporary color.
Squids and Octupi have these cells.
F
How many tentacles/arms does an octopus have?
8
C-7
what is the order of a worms digestive system
D
- Lip (mouth)
- Pharynx
- Esophagus
- Crop
- Gizzard
- Intestine
- Anus
What is a jellyfishs outside layer called?
C
epidermis
What is the muscular tube that planarians use to eat called?
F
Pharynx.
F
Definition of ventral.
Towards chest or front of body.
a
What is a worm’s outer protective covering that provides protection and moisture called?
cuticle
Where does cindarians usally live?
The ocean
C-7
What is a stimulus?
Something that causes a reaction in the organism.
Nervous stystem (brains, ganglion) recieve stimuli, and form a response
F
What is a cephlapod?And give some examples
A type of mollusk with its head connected to its feet. Some examples are squids and octipi.
Cephla-head pod-foot
so the name is head-foot
What is a ganglia and which organisms that we’ve talked about have it?
D
ganglia: simple brain
worms and planarians
D
Definition of dorsal.
Towards back of body.
a
anterior
A
towards the top or head
What is the posterior?
towards tail, backend, or “butt” of the body
What is the medial?
towards the middle of the body
What is the lateral?
towards the sides of the body
What is a example of a animal with a closed circulatory system.
D.14
A Worm, human, bird, reptile, etc.
also could be humans, mammles, birds, etc..
Define an insect
B
Most have 6 legs and live on land. Insects are the abundant animal on the planet
(athropods)
B
what is an exoskeloton
A
a hard outer layer that protects arthropods (made of chitin)
What are jointed appendages for?
A
Appendages can be used for a variety of things like walking, swimming, sensing or chewing.
What is an open circulatory system?
Blood not contained in vessels
Incomplete metamorphasis
C
The arthropod looks roughly the same after each molt/stage of development
What internal tubes are oxygen and carbon dioxide transported through in insects?
E
Trachea
What do spiracles do?
E
They pump air in and out of the trachea of insects…. like gills
E
Where do crustaceans live?
What are some examples of them?
B
Crustaceans live in the ocean or freshwater.
Some examples includes lobster, crabs, and pill bugs
what describes the type of arthropods that have distinct body sections used for various purposes
A
segmented body
Although there are many classes of arthropods, most can be classified
B
Insects, Crustaceans, Chelicerates, Myriapods, Trilobites
Ventral
A1
front of the body, “chest”
A1
Dorsal
A1
Back of the body
A1
posterior
A1
Towards Tail, butt and down
A1
Anterior
Head or top of body
A1
Cephalopoda
A1
(Head-Foot), without shell, tentacles, marine
squid octopi
A1
The nose is _____ to the back of the head
A1
ventral
A1
