Exam 7 Chemical Senses 71X Flashcards
Which of the senses are considered Chemical senses and why?
Olfaction (sense of smell)
Gustation( sense of taste)
The Chemicals that stimulate the Chemical senses produce what types of potentials?
Generator Potential- Olfaction
Receptor Potential- Gustation
Where are olfactory receptors found and approx how many are there?
Superior Nasal Cavity
Millions in 1inch^2
What type of epithelium is the Olfactory epithelium?
Pseudostratified ciliated columnar epithelium
What three cells does the Olfactory epithelium consist of?
- Olfactory Receptors
- Supporting Cells (AKA Sustentacular Cells)
- Basal Stem Cells
What type of Neuron are Olfactory receptors?
First-Order Neurons
Bipolar Neurons
Each olfactory receptor consist of what structures?
Axon: Ending in Olfactory Bulb
Dendrite: knob-shaped
Cilia: Projecting from dendrites
The Cilia projecting from dendrites of olfactory receptor cells are also termed what?
Olfactory hairs
The Olfactory Hairs (AKA Cilia) and the sites of what?
Olfactory transduction
What is transduction as is related to senses?
Conversion of stimulus energy into a graded potential in a sensory receptor
What are chemicals that can stimulate olfactory hairs, considered?
Odorants
What can affect the odor that an odorant creates?
- Slight molecular changes of odorants
- Concentration of the odorant
What cells provide physical support, nourishment, and electrical insulation for olfactory receptors?
Columnar epithelial cells of mucous membrane lining the nose
What cells are interspersed among the supporting cells of the olfactory, and undergo continuous cell division producing new olfactory receptors?
Basal Stem Cells
How long on average will an olfactory receptor live? What is significant about this?
1 Month
-Mature neurons are not generally replaced but olfactory receptor neurons are
