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Anatomy 2 > Exam 6 > Flashcards

Exam 6 Flashcards

1
Q

Tests for conscious and unconscious proprioception

A

Awareness of limb position and movement

Rhomberg test

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2
Q

3 layers of the cerebellar cortex

A

Molecular layer
Purkinjie cell layer
Granule cell layer

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3
Q

Purkinjie cell layer

A

Output from the cortex

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4
Q

Granule cell layer

A

Only excitatory cells in the cerebellum

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5
Q

Cerebellar white matter

A

Axons from cerebellar peduncles and Purkinjie cells

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6
Q

Deep cerebellar nuclei

A

Axons go out of the cerebellum

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7
Q

Vestibulocerebellar system

A

Receives information from the vestibular system and connects reciprocally with vestibular nuclei
Maintain equilibrium

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8
Q

Lesion of vestibuocerebellar system

A

Trunkal ataxia, poor visual pursuit, nystagmus

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9
Q

Spinocerebellar system

A

Controls muscle tone and synergy of contracting muscles during gait

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10
Q

Lesion of spinocerebellar system

A

LE and gait ataxia, dysarthria, dysmetria

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11
Q

Pontocerebellar (neocerebellum) system

A

Creates smooth coordinated movement

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12
Q

Lesion of pontocerebellar

A

Loss of fine motor skill coordination

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13
Q

Cerebellar ataxia

A

Unable to stand with feet together

Normal vibration sense, proprioception, ankle reflexes

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14
Q

Somatosenosry ataxia

A

Better balance with eyes open
Impaired vibration sense, proprioception, ankle reflexes
No vertigo or nystagmus

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15
Q

Vestibular ataxia

A

Gravity dependent
Balance better with eyes open
Vertigo and nystagmus present

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16
Q

Ventral lateral nucleus

A

Motor relay station for basal ganglia and cerebellum

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17
Q

Ventral lateral anterior nucleus

A

Pre-motor cortex

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18
Q

Ventral lateral posterior nucleus

A

Primary motor cortex

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19
Q

Ventral posterior nucleus

A

Sensory relay station for face/trunk/extremities

20
Q

Ventral posterior medial nucleus

A

CL face

21
Q

Ventral posterior lateral nucleus

A

Trunk/extremities

22
Q

Centromedian nucleus

A

Part of the ascending reticular activating system

23
Q

Reticular nucleus

A

Regulates information into the thalamus

24
Q

Regulation of the thalamus

A

Cerebral cortex
Reticular nucleus
Reticular formation

25
Q

Signs of thalamic syndrome

A

Intractable pain
Cl hemianesthesia
Cl decrease position sense
Cl hemiplegia

26
Q

Essential tremors

A

Tremors at rest and with movement

27
Q

Supraoptic nucleus

A

Synthesizes/releases ADH in response to increased osmolarity in blood

28
Q

Lesion in supraoptic nucleus

A

Diabetes inspidius (increase water intake/thirst and increase excretion dilute urine)

29
Q

Suprachiasmic nucleus

A

Circadian rhythm center

Increases or decreases amount of melatonin based on light or dark

30
Q

Lateral hypothalamus

A

Controlled initiation of eating

Hunger center

31
Q

Lesion of lateral hypothalamus

A

Eating and drinking ceases causing aphagia & adipsia

32
Q

Ventromedial hypothalamus

A

Controlled inhibition of eating

Satiety center

33
Q

Lesion of ventromedial hypothalamus

A

Overeating (hyperphagia)

34
Q

Arcuate nucleus

A

Detects concentration of leptin in blood; releases appetite stimulating and inhibiting hormones

35
Q

Leptin

A

Hormone released by adipose cells

36
Q

Mammillary Body

A

Interconnects limbic system with hypothalamus

37
Q

Median eminence/tuber cinerum

A

synthesize/release hormones

38
Q

Afferent neuronal input into hypothalamus

A

Fornix

Mammillothalamic tract

39
Q

Efferent outflow form hypothalamus

A

Dorsal longitudinal fasiculus of Schultz

40
Q

Subthalamic nucleus

A

Innerconnects with other basal ganglia nuclei and is involved in motor control

41
Q

Lesion of subthalamic nucleus

A

Hemiballismus (involuntary flailing of CL limbs)

42
Q

Posterior commisure

A

Pupillary light reflex

43
Q

Pineal gland

A

Secretes melatonin

44
Q

Medial geniculate nucleus

A

Primary auditory area

45
Q

Lateral geniculate nucleus

A

Primary visual cortex

Anatomy 2 (11 decks)

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