Exam 5 - Sepsis Flashcards
definition of bacteremia
presence of bacteria in the blood
definition of sepsis
life threatening organ dysfunction cause by dysregulated host response to infection
SIRS stands for?
systemic inflammatory response syndrome
Criteria for SIRS:
Temperature?
> 38 C or < 36 C
what are the 4 criteria looked at for SIRS
Temp
HR
RR (or PaCO2)
WBC (or bands)
how many of the 4 criteria do you need to have SIRS
just 2/4
Criteria for SIRS:
HR?
> 90 BPM
Criteria for SIRS:
RR?
> 20 breaths/min
Criteria for SIRS:
WBC?
> 12,000 or < 4000
need a ______ score to see if pt has sepsis
SOFA
Need a __#__ score in SOFA to have sepsis
2 or more
what does SOFA stand for
sequential (sepsis-related) organ failure assessment
Quick SOFA score (qSOFA): need ____ out ____ criteria means more likely to have poor outcomes
need 2 out of 3
what are the 3 criteria for qSOFA score?
altered mental status
Systolic BP < 100
RR > 22
definition of septic shock?
subset of sepsis
where underlying circulatory, cellular, and metabolic abnormalities are assoc. with high risk of mortality than sepsis alone
Septic Shock Pts: Pts require \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_ to maintain a \_\_\_\_\_\_\_ above 65 AND \_\_\_\_\_\_\_ > 2 mmol/L ( >18 mg/dL) in the absence of \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_
require vasopressors; MAP;
serum lactate
hypovolemia
Factors leading to increased incidence of sepsis?
- immunocompromised pts
- frequent invasive device/procedures
- more life sustaining technology
- higher frequency of infections caused by abx resistant organisms
- Aging population with serious underlying conditions
(overall we are keep people alive longer…..)
what is the most common organism that causes sepsis?
enterobacteriaceae
what are examples of enterobacteriaceae
E. Coli Klebsiella Enterobacter Serratia Proteus
worrying about Pseudomonas aeruginosa in sepsis patients when?
mechanical ventilation
prolonged hospitalization
burn injury
Gram - or Gram + will cause sepsis more often and why?
Gram - because it has LPS/ENDOTOXIN!
definition of multiple organ dysfunction syndrome?
presence of altered organ function in an acutely ill patient so that homeostasis cannot be maintained w/out intervention
what does DIC stand for?
disseminated intravascular coagulation
conversion of prekallikrein to bradykinin leads to vasodilation or vasoconstriction?
dilation!
like ACEI stuff = dilation = lover BP
Issue of vasodilation with bradykinin?
increases capillary permeability = fluid leaks into interstitial space = septic shock
macrophages roll in sepsis?
remove/destroy bacteria
produce inflammation mediators