Exam 5 - Immunocompromised Host Flashcards
Neutropenia = an ________ less than _______/mm3
an ANC (absolute neutrophil count) less than 1000
how to find ANC?
WBC x (% polys + % bands)
what are important risk factors related to neutropenia
severity of neutropenia
rate of neutrophil decline
duration of neutropenia
High risk of infection in pts with ANC < _______
500 cells/mm3
Risk of infection and death are greatest in pts with ANC < ________
100 cells/mm3
Cell mediated or Humoral immunity defects?
defects in t lymphocyte and macrophage
cell mediated
Cell mediated or Humoral immunity defects?
defects in B cell function
humoral
Cell mediated or Humoral immunity defects?
results in reduced ability of the host to defend against intracellular pathogens
cell mediated
Cell mediated or Humoral immunity defects?
common bacteria pathogens found include ATYPICALS! (listeria, nocardia, legionella, mycobacteria)
cell mediated
Cell mediated or Humoral immunity defect?
common pathogen = fungi
cell mediated
Cell mediated or Humoral immunity defects?
common pathogens include S. pneumoniae, H. influenzae, N. meningitidis
humoral
most infections in cancer patients are caused by oraganisms that are colonized where?
skin
oropharynx
and GI tract
Clinical presentation in neutropenic patients?
presence of fever - probably ONLY clinical finding
wont see white cells because they are NEUTROPENIC!!
Patient factors for being low risk for infections:
- neutropenic for < ____ days
- no or few ____________
- clinically stable at ________
- no identified focus of infection/simple infection
- neutropenic for < 7 days;
- comorbidities
- onset of fever
Patient factors for being high risk for infections:
- profound/prolonged _________
- significant ________
- neutropenia = ANC < 100 and > 7 days
- comorbidities